Themsarian/Verbal subparadigms
ı-stems
áubıî - attack, strike
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | áubiħar! | áubins! |
2 | áubi! | áubirs! | áubils! |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | áubıī | áubidir | áubima |
1.in | - | áubiħare | áubinse |
2 | áubir | áubirse | áubilse |
3/4.m | áubi | áubīr | áubivi |
3/4.f | áubīs | áubiti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | áubín | áubirid | áubimi |
1.in | - | áubitar | áubitā |
2 | áubír | áubirith | áubilith |
3/4.m | áubís | áubisrí | áubisví |
3/4.f | áubisar | áubistí |
Future | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | áubîn | áubîdir | áubîma |
1.in | - | áubîħar | áubînse |
2 | áubîr | áubîrse | áubîlse |
3/4.m | áubî | áubîri | áubiîvi |
3/4.f | áubîs | áubîti |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | áubıî | áubirðá | áubimir |
1.in | - | áubiħad | áubint |
2 | áubıîr | áubirt | áubilt |
3/4.m | áubimá | áubirá | áubiħá |
3/4.f | áubisá | áubitá |
*w-stems
qelvî - pack, condense
Labial obstruent stems
-vi, -vie- "dissimilates" to -ħi, -ħie-
duobî - to be assembled
Coronal obstruent stems
*t-, *d-, *tʰ-, *s-stems
{*t *d *tʰ *s}
- > s / _t
- > r / _d
qvothî - shout
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | qvóthħar! | qvóthyns! |
2 | qvóth! | qvóthyrs! | qvóthyls! |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | qvóthī | qvórdir | qvóthma |
1.in | - | qvóthħare | qvóthynse |
2 | qvóthyr | qvóthyrse | qvóthylse |
3/4.m | qvóthe | qvóthir | qvóthvi |
3/4.f | qvóthis | qvósti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | qvothýn | qvóthrid | qvóthmi |
1.in | - | qvóstar | qvóstā |
2 | qvothýr | qvothrith | qvothlith |
3/4.m | qvóss | qvosrí | qvosví |
3/4.f | qvóssar | qvostí |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | qvothî | qvothyrðá | qvóthmir |
1.in | - | qvóthħad | qvóthynt |
2 | qvothîr | qvóthyrt | qvóthylt |
3/4.m | qvóthmá | qvothrá | qvothħá |
3/4.f | qvossá | qvostá |
*z-stems
fáerî - interlock, jam
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | fáérħar! | fáéryns! |
2 | fáér! | fáéryrs! | fáéryls! |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | fáérī | fáérdir | fáérma |
1.in | - | fáérħare | fáérynse |
2 | fáéryr | fáéryrse | fáérylse |
3/4.m | fáére | fáerir | fáérvi |
3/4.f | fáéris | fáésti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | fáerýn | fáézzid | fáérmi |
1.in | - | fáéstar | fáéstā |
2 | fáerýr | fáérrith | fáerlith |
3/4.m | fáess | fáesrí | fáesví |
3/4.f | fáéssar | fáestí |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | fáerî | fáeryrðá | fáérmir |
1.in | - | fáérħad | fáérynt |
2 | fáerîr | fáéryrt | fáérylt |
3/4.m | fáermá | fáerrá | fáerħá |
3/4.f | fáessá | fáestá |
*ʒ-stems
bálōzî - joke, jest
*ç- and *ƶ-stems
{*ç, *ƶ}
- > f / _*C[+coronal +plosive]
- > s / _*C[+coronal +fricative/affricate]
- > [ː~] / _{*ç, *ƶ}
- > th, ð otherwise
rȳthî - classify, categorize
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | ry̌thħar! | ry̌thyns! |
2 | ry̌th! | ry̌thyrs! | ry̌thyls! |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | ry̌thī | ry̌fdir | ry̌thma |
1.in | - | ry̌thħare | ry̌thynse |
2 | ry̌thyr | ry̌thyrse | ry̌thylse |
3/4.m | ry̌the | ry̌thir | ry̌thvi |
3/4.f | ry̌this | ry̌fti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | rȳthýn | rȳthrid | ry̌thmi |
1.in | - | ry̌ftar | ry̌ftā |
2 | rȳthýr | ry̌thrith | ry̌thlith |
3/4.m | ry̌ss | rȳsrí | rȳsví |
3/4.f | ry̌ssar | rȳstí |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | rȳthî | rȳthyrðá | ry̌thmir |
1.in | - | ry̌thħad | ry̌thynt |
2 | rȳthîr | ry̌thyrt | ry̌thylt |
3/4.m | rȳthmá | rȳthrá | rȳthħá |
3/4.f | rȳssá | rȳftá |
Velar stems
C[+plosive, +velar] > ch / _t/ŧ
g > c / _C[-voiced]
uogî - err, miss
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | ǔogħar! | ǔogyns! |
2 | ǔog! | ǔogyrs! | ǔogyls! |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | ǔogī | ǔogdir | ǔogma |
1.in | - | ǔogħare | ǔogynse |
2 | ǔogyr | ǔogyrse | ǔogylse |
3/4.m | ǔoge | ǔogir | ǔogvi |
3/4.f | ǔogis | ǔochti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | uogýn | ǔogzin | ǔogmi |
1.in | - | ǔochtar | ǔochtā |
2 | uogýr | ǔogrith | ǔoglith |
3/4.m | ǔocs | uocsrí | uocsví |
3/4.f | ǔocsar | uocstí |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | uogî | uogyrðá | ǔogmir |
1.in | - | ǔogħad | ǔogynt |
2 | uogîr | uogyrt | ǔogylt |
3/4.m | uogmá | uográ | uogħá |
3/4.f | uocsá | uochtá |
Guttural stems
*ʔ-stems
*ʔ
- > [ː~] / V_CV
- > [~ː] / V_CC
hēseî - feel, emote
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | hēsêħar! | hēsêns! |
2 | hēsé! | hēsêrs! | hēsêls! |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | hēséī | hēséddir | hēsémma |
1.in | - | hēsêħare | hēsênse |
2 | hēséyr | hēsêrse | hēsêlse |
3/4.m | hēsé | hēséìr | hēsévvi |
3/4.f | hēséìs | hēsétti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | hēseýn | hēsérrid | hēsémmi |
1.in | - | hēséttar | hēséttā |
2 | hēseýr | hēsérrith | hēséllith |
3/4.m | hēséss | hēsēsrí | hēsēsví |
3/4.f | hēséssar | hēsēstí |
Future | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | hēseên | hēseêdir | hēseêma |
1.in | - | hēseêħar | hēseênse |
2 | hēseêr | hēseêrse | hēseêlse |
3/4.m | hēseê | hēseêri | hēseêvi |
3/4.f | hêseêis | hêseêti |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | hēseî | hēsērðá | hēsémmir |
1.in | - | hēsêħad | hēsênt |
2 | hēseîr | hēsêrt | hēsêlt |
3/4.m | hēsemmá | hēserrá | hēsēħá |
3/4.f | hēsessá | hēsettá |
h-stems
Radical stems
Reduplicating stems
These verbs are reflexes of monosyllabic verbs whose stem originally consisted of consonant clusters with no vowel and was subsequently reduplicated to accommodate tonal patterns. They comprise a few irregular verbs.