User:Chrysophylax/amaits/history

Sound changes from Proto-Indo-European

Late IE

  1. colouring of vowels
    *e > *a / C_[k h2]
  2. merger of laryngeals into one
    *h1 *h2 *h3H
  3. loss of intervocalic jod
    *j → Ø / V_V
  4. vocalisation of syllabic resonants
    *R → *ɨR

early amessian

  1. fortition of onset j
    *j → ʒ / #_V
  2. partial satemization with plain velars fronting causing chain shift of palatovelars to (af)fricates
    *k *g *gʰ > *k *g *gʰ +{fronted}
    *ḱ *ǵ *ǵʰ > *t͡ʃ *d͡ʒ *ʑ
  3. assibilation of t before i
    *t > *t͡s / _i
  4. regressive velarization of sonorants
    *m *n *l *r > *mˠ *nˠ *lˠ *rˠ / _u
  5. delabialization of labiovelars
    *kʷ *gʷ *gʷʰ' > *k *g *gʰ / _{+back +sonorant} nb. next syllable counts
  6. deletion of H replaced by lengthening or creaky tone?/stød-ish
    CeH- > Ce:-
    HeC- > eˀC-
  7. shared crazy with balto-slavic: intial e vacillates between e~a
    *e > *a / #_ (sporadic)

Morphosyntactic changes

Loss of nominal inflections

Derivational innovations