User:Nicolasstraccia/afghanisketch

This is Sketch C, based on the premises stated in the description of commission N°271 in the LCS's Jobs Board. This should probably furthermore be seen primarily as a sketching exercise, since I'm not very likely to be able to meet the stated deadline.

Premise as stated in the job description:
"Vaguely Afghan — mountain primitives and coastal dwellers (depending) — we only meet the mountain primitives — with a territory-raiding and cross-breeding relationship to (A)."

Phonology and orthography

Phonology

Vowels

Front

Near-front

Central

Near-back

Back

Close

i(ː)

u(ː)

e(ː)

o(ː)

ə

æ

äː

ɒ

Near‑close

Close‑mid

Mid

Open‑mid

Near‑open

Open

Consonants

	Labial				Coronal								Dorsal						Labiovelar		Laryngeal
	Bilabial		Labiodental		Dental		Alveolar		Palatoalveolar		Retroflex		Palatal		Velar		Uvular		Labiovelar		Glottal
Plosive	p	b			t	d					[ʈ]	[ɖ]			k	g	[q]	[ɢ]			ʔ
Nasal		m						n				[ɳ]		ɲ		ŋ				ŋʷ
Trill								r
Tap/flap								ɾ
Fricative	ɸ	β	[f]	[v]	θ	[ð]	s	z	ʃ	ʒ	[ʂ]	[ʐ]	[ç]	[ʝ]	x	ɣ			xʷ		h
Africate							ʦ	ʣ	ʧ	ʤ
Approximant								ɹ						j						w
Lateral Appr.								l

Phonotaxis

Syllable structure

Syllables may be structured as (C)(S)V(S)(C(C)), consisting of an optional syllable onset, one consonant; an obligatory syllable nucleus, a vowel optionally preceded by and/or followed by a semivowel; and an optional syllable coda, one or two consonants. The following restrictions apply:

Onset
- Consonant (C): can be any consonant. (composed only of one consonant; consonant clusters are only found in loanwords, sometimes an epenthetic /ə/ is inserted between consonants.)
Nucleus
- Semivowel (S)
- Vowel (V)
- Semivowel (S)
Coda
- First consonant (C): can be any consonant.
- Second consonant (C): can also be any consonant (mostly /d/, /k/, /s/, /t/, & /z/).

Allophony

Phoneme	Allophone	Rule	Description
/t/ /d/ /n/ /s/ /z/	/ʈ/ /ɖ/ /ɳ/ /ʂ/ /ʐ/		word final
/k/ /g/	/q/ /ɢ/		word final
/ɸ/ /β/	/f/ /v/
/θ/	/ð/
/r/	/ɾ/
/r/	/ɹ/	r→ɹ /V_N	after vowels and before nasals
/r/	/ʐ/		word final
/tu/ /nu/ /ku/ /gu/ /xu/ /ŋu/	/tʷ/ /nʷ/ /kʷ/ /gʷ/ /xʷ/ /ŋʷ/	u.V→ʷV. /C_.V C=[+velar]{ɣ}, [t, n]

Orthography

Latin transcription

Vowels

IPA

i

iː

e

eː

o

oː

u

uː

ɒ

äː

æ

ə

Romanization

i

ī

e

ē

o

ō

u

ū

a

ā

ä

ë

Alternative romanization

i

î

e

ê

o

ô

u

û

a

â

á

é

Consonants

IPA

p

b

t

d

k

g

ʔ

m

n

ɲ

ŋ

ŋʷ

r

ɹ

l

j

w