Valthungian/Rules

Historical Sound Changes from Proto-Germanic to East Germanic (ca. 400b.c.-0)

Historical Sound Changes from East-Germanic to Gothic (ca. 0-400a.d.)

[these changes still need to be ordered correctly]

First Umlaut

Ŋ-Deletion

Intervocalic Spirantization

EGmc Reflex of 1st Umlaut

Mora Loss: Coronal Consonant Deletion

Mora Loss: Unstr. Final Short Vowel Deletion

Mora Loss: Final Unstr. Long Vowel Shortening

Monophthongization

Has to occur before Mora Loss

z-Deletion, Obstruent Devoicing

h-Deletion

Long Vowel Lowering

Glide Gemination (EGmc Verschärfung Stage I)

Glide Insertion

m-Assimilation

Change of Initial fl to þl

r,n-Dissimilation

Change of am to um, Post-tonic e to a

Thurneysen's Law

EGmc Verschärfung Stage II

Historical Sound Changes from Gothic to Old Gutish (ca. 400-800a.d.)

Expansion of Gothic Glide Insertion

Obstruent Devoicing (Persistent)

Geminate Simplification (Type I, Persistent)

Intervocalic Voiced Stop to Fricative Expansion

Stop Insertion after Nasals

Expansion of East Germanic /fl/-to-/θl/

Voicing and Devoicing of Obstruent Clusters

Clitic Separation

Geminate Simplification (Type II, Synchronic)

Short Vowel Lengthening

Expansion of East Germanic Verschärfung

Long Diphthong Extension

Glide Deletion

Deletion of Final Unstressed /a/

Diphthong Changes

Historical Sound Changes from Old to Middle Gutish (ca. 800-1200a.d.)

Rejection of Greek Fricatives

Rhotacism

Stressed Long Vowel Raising

Vowel Tensing

Deletion and Assimilation of /h/

Palatalisation & Affrication

Unstressed Vowel Reduction and Deletion

Historical Sound Changes from Middle to Classical Gutish (ca. 1200-1600a.d.)

Unstressed Vowel Reduction and Deletion

Unpacking

Deletion of /b,f/

Deletion of /g/ between Nasals