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===The optative | ===The optative mood=== | ||
The optative mood also only conjugates in imperfective and perfective aspect. It uses a special stem, regular for almost all verbs, formed by adding ''-ūy-'' to the root plus thematic vowel. This means that, for thematic verbs, the marker is always ''-oy-'' (e.g. ''nāmvoyu''), while it is always ''-ūy-'' for athematic ones (e.g. ''drūyu''). | |||
The | The imperfective aspect uses the present tense endings (but 3SG exterior has ''-e'' and not *-ē), while the perfective aspect uses the past ones (with ''-a'' instead of *-k for 3SG exterior). | ||
Example (''nāmvake'' “to crush, press”): | Example (''nāmvake'' “to crush, press”): | ||
* Imperfective: | * Imperfective: <small>(EXT)</small> ''nāmvoyu'', ''nāmvoyi'', ''nāmvoye'', ''nāmvoyasme'', ... <small>(INT)</small> ''nāmvoyiru'', ''nāmvoyiris'', ... <small>(CAUS EXT)</small> ''nāmvoyildu'', ''nāmvoyildi'', ... <small>(CAUS INT)</small> ''nāmvoyīldru'', ''nāmvoyīldri'', ... | ||
* Imperfective: <small>(EXT)</small> ''nāmvoyau'', ''nāmvoyei'', ''nāmvoya'', ''nāmvoyaram'', ... <small>(INT)</small> ''nāmvoyirau'', ''nāmvoyirei'', ... <small>(CAUS EXT)</small> ''nāmvoyildau'', ''nāmvoyildei'', ... <small>(CAUS INT)</small> ''nāmvoyīldrau'', ''nāmvoyīldrei'', ... | |||
===The desiderative=== | ===The desiderative=== |
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