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Chlouvānem/Morphology: Difference between revisions
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* '''dative-trigger''' (''męliausire tadgeroe'') (mostly ditransitive verbs); | * '''dative-trigger''' (''męliausire tadgeroe'') (mostly ditransitive verbs); | ||
* '''instrumental-trigger''' (''drausire tadgeroe'') (morphologically possible for all verbs, but not always meaningful). | * '''instrumental-trigger''' (''drausire tadgeroe'') (morphologically possible for all verbs, but not always meaningful). | ||
Interior verbs only have six voices, as they do not have an agentive voice; the patientive, unmarked voice, is here called '''common voice''' ('' | Interior verbs only have six voices, as they do not have an agentive voice; the patientive, unmarked voice, is here called '''common voice''' (''tailcārē tadgeroe'')<ref>For simplicity's sake, voices' names are most often rendered as ''patientive'', ''agentive'', ''benefactive'' ''antibenefactive'', ''locative'', ''dative'', ''instrumental'', and ''common''.</ref>. | ||
Chlouvānem verbs also conjugate for five different '''tense-aspect combinations''' (simply ''tenses'' (''avyāṣa'' - pl. ''avyāṣai'')): '''present''' (''kaminænikire avyāṣa''), '''past''' (''dāṃdenire avyāṣa''<ref>Sometimes ''ēktami avyāṣa''.</ref>), '''perfect''' (''mīraṃnajausire avyāṣa''), '''(general) future''' (''lallāmiti avyāṣa''), and '''future intentional''' (''osmešē lallāmiti avyāṣa''); other distinctions may be built periphrastically (most notably ''imperfect'', ''pluperfect'' and ''future perfect''). Tenses are the “basic unit” verbs conjugate in: all tenses conjugate for nine persons (1st-2nd-3rd in singular, dual and plural; note though that 3rd singular and 3rd plural are identical in the perfect). Note that some moods do only distinguish between imperfective and perfective aspect.<br/>Realis verbs are furthermore marked for evidentiality: categories marked are visual evidentiality<ref>This same marker, usually a zero marker, is also used for historically attested facts and scientific truths.</ref>, non-visual evidentiality, reportative, and two different inferentials, one marking trust in and the other unlikelyness of the fact.<br/>Politeness is also encoded in the verb, but this inflection is often considered to be a form of the separate, defective auxiliary verb ''tilah''. | Chlouvānem verbs also conjugate for five different '''tense-aspect combinations''' (simply ''tenses'' (''avyāṣa'' - pl. ''avyāṣai'')): '''present''' (''kaminænikire avyāṣa''), '''past''' (''dāṃdenire avyāṣa''<ref>Sometimes ''ēktami avyāṣa''.</ref>), '''perfect''' (''mīraṃnajausire avyāṣa''), '''(general) future''' (''lallāmiti avyāṣa''), and '''future intentional''' (''osmešē lallāmiti avyāṣa''); other distinctions may be built periphrastically (most notably ''imperfect'', ''pluperfect'' and ''future perfect''). Tenses are the “basic unit” verbs conjugate in: all tenses conjugate for nine persons (1st-2nd-3rd in singular, dual and plural; note though that 3rd singular and 3rd plural are identical in the perfect). Note that some moods do only distinguish between imperfective and perfective aspect.<br/>Realis verbs are furthermore marked for evidentiality: categories marked are visual evidentiality<ref>This same marker, usually a zero marker, is also used for historically attested facts and scientific truths.</ref>, non-visual evidentiality, reportative, and two different inferentials, one marking trust in and the other unlikelyness of the fact.<br/>Politeness is also encoded in the verb, but this inflection is often considered to be a form of the separate, defective auxiliary verb ''tilah''. | ||