|
|
(8 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) |
Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| '''Tba''' is an L-Austronesian language spoken in the island of Tbaŝevŭz in [[Lõis]]'s Southeast Asia. It's inspired by Estonian. | | '''Tba''' is an L-Austronesian language spoken in the island of New Hercynia in [[Lõis]]'s Southeast Asia. It's inspired by Estonian, and is much more purist than [[Kirkkaselhümb]]. |
|
| |
|
| <!-- | | <!-- |
Line 12: |
Line 12: |
|
| |
|
| ==Todo== | | ==Todo== |
|
| |
| Replace with L-Austronesian (a priori) language?
| |
|
| |
|
| ==Introduction== | | ==Introduction== |
Line 40: |
Line 38: |
| ==Phonology== | | ==Phonology== |
|
| |
|
| Samanasphuore has 5 vowels: ''a e i o u'', each of which have 4 different forms: short, long, breathy and long breathy. The actual phonetic values of the vowels are as follows:
| | a e i o u ŭ: /a e i o u ɨ/ |
| | |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Vowel !! a !! e !! i !! o !! u
| |
| |-
| |
| | Short || ''a'' /a/ || ''e'' /ɛ/ || ''i'' /e/ || ''o'' /ɔ/ || ''u'' /o/
| |
| |-
| |
| | Long || ''ä'' /ɛ/ || ''ë'' /ɛ/ || ''ï'' /ai/ || ''ö'' /ɔ/ || ''ü'' /au/
| |
| |-
| |
| | Breathy || ''ha'' /ə/ || ''he'' /e/ || ''hi'' /i/ || ''ho'' /o/ || ''hu'' /u/
| |
| |-
| |
| | Long breathy || ''hä'' /uo/ || ''hë'' /əɨ/ || ''hï'' /ei/ || ''hö'' /əɨ/ || ''hu'' /ou/
| |
| |-
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| Samanasphuore has the following consonants:
| |
| | |
| * The velars ''k'', ''g'' and ''ṅ'', which are pronounced /k⁼/, /kʰ~gʰ/ and /ŋ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʰk/, /ʔkʰ/ and /kŋ/ respectively.
| |
| | |
| * The palatals ''c'', ''j'' and ''ñ'', which are pronounced /c⁼/, /cʰ~ɟʰ/ and /ɲ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʰc/, /ʔcʰ/ and /cɲ/ respectively.
| |
| | |
| * The cerebrals ''ṭ'', ''ḍ'' and ''ṇ'', which are pronounced /t⁼/, /tʰ~dʰ/ and /n/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʰt/, /ʔtʰ/ and /tn/ respectively. Unlike in other Indic languages, the cerebrals can be alveolar or dental.
| |
|
| |
|
| * The dentals ''z'', ''d'' and ''n'', which are pronounced /ts⁼/, /tsʰ~dzʰ/ and /n/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʰts/, /ʔtsʰ/ and /tn/ respectively.
| | aa ee ii oo uu ŭŭ + diphthongs |
|
| |
|
| * The labials ''p'', ''b'' and ''m'', which are pronounced /p⁼/, /pʰ~bʰ/ and /m/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʰp/, /ʔpʰ/ and /pm/ respectively.
| | p t z ĉ c k b d ĝ g: /p t ts c k ʔ b d ɟ g/ |
|
| |
|
| * The liquids ''y'', ''r'', ''l'', and ''w'', pronounced /j/, /r/, /l/ and /w/. When geminated they are pronounced /ç/, /tr/, /tl/ and /kw/ respectively.
| | f ŝ s ĥ h m n l r v j ĵ: /f θ s ç x~h m n l r w j ð/ |
| | |
| * The fricative ''ß'', pronounced /s/.
| |
| | |
| * An orthographic variant ''s'' of the liquid ''r'', also pronounced /r/.
| |
| | |
| The anusvāra ''ṁ'' and visarga ''ch'' are used in Samanasphuore. The anusvāra is always pronounced /ŋ/, and the visarga indicates that the final vowel of a word is pronounced (not silent).
| |
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
Line 105: |
Line 75: |
| ===Nouns=== | | ===Nouns=== |
|
| |
|
| Samanasphuore has four noun genders: masculine animate, masculine inanimate, feminine animate and feminine inanimate, and five cases: nominative, accusative, genitive/dative, instrumental/ablative and locative.
| | Tba has (some large number of) cases. |
| | |
| A sample masculine inanimate noun: ''lökaṃ'' (world)
| |
|
| |
|
| {| class="wikitable"
| | ''luof'' = land (from Proto-Tbaic *luəH, ultimately from Iranian) |
| |-
| |
| ! "world" !! Singular !! Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | Nominative/Accusative || lökaṃ || lökäni
| |
| |-
| |
| | Genitive/Dative || lökaßa || lökänaṃ
| |
| |-
| |
| | Instrumental/Ablative || lökamhä || lökï
| |
| |-
| |
| | Locative || lökasmiṃ || lökäsmiṃ
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| The suffix -smiṃ is always pronounced /meŋ/.
| | ''luofe, luofu, luofuz, luofem, luofeĥ, luofere, luofina, luofido, luofeta ...'' |
|
| |
|
| ==Syntax== | | ==Syntax== |
Line 141: |
Line 98: |
| [[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]] | | [[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]] |
| [[Category:Languages]] | | [[Category:Languages]] |
| [[Category:Indo-European languages]] | | [[Category:Austronesian languages]] |
| [[Category:Indo-Aryan languages]] | | [[Category:A posteriori]] |
| [[Category:Lõis]]
| |