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Atlantic: Difference between revisions
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! colspan=2 | Nasals | ! colspan=2 | Nasals | ||
| '''m''' {{IPA|m}} || || '''n''' {{IPA|n}} || '''ny''' {{IPA|ɲ}} || | | '''m''' {{IPA|m}} || || '''n''' {{IPA|n}} || '''ny''' {{IPA|ɲ}} || {{IPA|ŋ}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=2 | Plosives !! <small>Voiceless</small> | ! rowspan=2 | Plosives !! <small>Voiceless</small> | ||
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In standard Atlantic, voiced stops are allophonically geminated after a stressed vowel, e.g. in ''pubric'' "public" {{IPA|/ˈpubrik/ [ˈpubːrik]}}, ''abidihu'' "I decline" {{IPA|/ˈabidiχu/ [ˈabːidiχu]}}, or ''Vurubiri'' "Volubilis" {{IPA|/vuˈrubiri/ [vuˈrubːiri]}}. | In standard Atlantic, voiced stops are allophonically geminated after a stressed vowel, e.g. in ''pubric'' "public" {{IPA|/ˈpubrik/ [ˈpubːrik]}}, ''abidihu'' "I decline" {{IPA|/ˈabidiχu/ [ˈabːidiχu]}}, or ''Vurubiri'' "Volubilis" {{IPA|/vuˈrubiri/ [vuˈrubːiri]}}. | ||
The sequence {{IPA|/ŋɡ/}} is, in Numidia, often realized as {{IPA|[ŋn]}}, which leads to it being written as '''mm''' by less educated speakers. Examples include ''sungu'' {{IPA|[ˈsuŋɡu ~ ˈsuŋnu]}} "I am" or ''Hungariha'' {{IPA|[χuŋˈɡariχa ~ χuŋˈnariχa]}} "Hungary". | {{IPA|/ŋ/}} is a marginal phoneme, limited to the {{IPA|/ŋn/}} sequence, written as '''mm''' as in ''amma'' {{IPA|/ˈaŋna/}} "person", ''ommisantor'' {{IPA|/oŋnizanˈtɔr/}} "November", or ''limmi'' {{IPA|/ˈliŋni/}} "brown"; due to spelling pronunciation, nativized loanwords with written ''mm'' are typically pronounced with this sequence, such as the name ''Emma'' {{IPA|/ˈɛŋna/}}.<br/>The sequence {{IPA|/ŋɡ/}} is, in Numidia, often realized as {{IPA|[ŋn]}}, which leads to it being written as '''mm''' by less educated speakers. Examples include ''sungu'' {{IPA|[ˈsuŋɡu ~ ˈsuŋnu]}} "I am" or ''Hungariha'' {{IPA|[χuŋˈɡariχa ~ χuŋˈnariχa]}} "Hungary". | ||
Word-initial consonants are, for many speakers, allophonically geminated due to assimilation of a preceding consonant from a clitic. This most notably happens with ''aḍ'': | Word-initial consonants are, for many speakers, allophonically geminated due to assimilation of a preceding consonant from a clitic. This most notably happens with ''aḍ'': | ||