140,342
edits
Tseer: Difference between revisions
m
no edit summary
mNo edit summary |
|||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
[[ | [[Tseer/Lexicon]] <br/> | ||
[[Lakovic languages/Swadesh list|Swadesh list for | [[Lakovic languages/Swadesh list|Swadesh list for Tseer]]<br/> | ||
:''This article describes Classical | :''This article describes Classical Tseer. See [[Tseer/Modern]] for Modern Tseer.'' | ||
{{Infobox language | {{Infobox language | ||
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]] | |creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]] | ||
|name = {{PAGENAME}} | |name = {{PAGENAME}} | ||
|nativename = dowødx | |nativename = dowødx Tseer | ||
|pronunciation = | |pronunciation = | ||
|setting = [[Verse:Tricin]] | |setting = [[Verse:Tricin]] | ||
| Line 21: | Line 21: | ||
}} | }} | ||
''' | '''Tseer''' (''cher''; natively ''doløt Tseer'' <small>Classical:</small> /doløt tʃẽr̝/ <small>Modern:</small> /dowət tʃẽʃ/; [[Skellan]]: ''brits Txeñz'') is a [[Lakovic languages|Lakovic]] language spoken in Talma. It is inspired mainly by Hmong and Somali, with touches of Burmese (especially for Modern Tseer), Vietnamese and Satem IE languages like Polish. | ||
Tseer was a prominent classical language of Talma, second to [[Windermere]]; it left a significant influence on [[Windermere]] and [[Skellan]]. | |||
==Todo== | ==Todo== | ||
*Needs some vowel shifts | *Needs some vowel shifts | ||
| Line 36: | Line 36: | ||
*c, ć > tx, ts | *c, ć > tx, ts | ||
*t- > th /T/ | *t- > th /T/ | ||
*r > | *r > r /r/ | ||
Numbers: don, | Numbers: don, oorad, txim, khaag, omøøtx, dag, abood, xev, wooj, thab, taxaa, trøg | ||
''thanam'' = ice | ''thanam'' = ice | ||
| Line 60: | Line 60: | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
Classical | Classical Tseer has 20 phonemic consonants: Syllable-final ''-dh'' is an allophone of /d/, and syllable final ''b d g'' are allophones of /p t k/. | ||
m n ng /ŋ/ | m n ng /ŋ/ | ||
| Line 74: | Line 74: | ||
v dh /ð/ (dh only occurs syllable finally) | v dh /ð/ (dh only occurs syllable finally) | ||
w | w r /r̝~ʒ/ y /j/ | ||
;Notes | ;Notes | ||
| Line 81: | Line 81: | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
Classical | Classical Tseer has 12 vowels: 6 oral and 6 nasal. | ||
'''a e i o u ø''' /a e i o u ɵ/ | '''a e i o u ø''' /a e i o u ɵ/ | ||
| Line 90: | Line 90: | ||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
Tseer grammar and morphology are rather conservative (unlike [[Windermere]]). For example it has retained the Proto-Lakovic reduplicated plural, pluractionality and gender in verbs and the grammatical function of Proto-Lakovic applicatives or triggers. | |||
===Pronouns=== | ===Pronouns=== | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | ||
| Line 98: | Line 98: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|Subject clitics | !|Subject clitics | ||
| ''- | | ''-ir'' || ''-ekh'' || ''-ex'' || ''-in'' || ''-ix'' || ''-txaa'' || ''-ba'' || ??? || ??? | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|Full pronouns | !|Full pronouns | ||
|'' | |''rii''||''khen''||''kheex''||''in''||''iix''||''txam''||''baa''||''???''||''???'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 115: | Line 115: | ||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
Each noun has an intrinsic gender, either masculine or feminine. Feminine is marked with ''-x'' (pronounced [z] after ''V m n y w v dh b d g'', [əz] after ''x tx ts | Each noun has an intrinsic gender, either masculine or feminine. Feminine is marked with ''-x'' (pronounced [z] after ''V m n y w v dh b d g'', [əz] after ''x tx ts r'' and [s] after ''f kh''). | ||
*''ativ'' = son-in-law; ''ativx'' = daughter-in-law | *''ativ'' = son-in-law; ''ativx'' = daughter-in-law | ||
| Line 133: | Line 133: | ||
Feminine subject: ''va-'' | Feminine subject: ''va-'' | ||
:''Nutx- | :''Nutx-ir ownax'' = I loved the girl (male speaker) | ||
:''Vanutx- | :''Vanutx-ir ownax'' = I loved the girl (female speaker) | ||
====Voice==== | ====Voice==== | ||
| Line 149: | Line 149: | ||
*Imperfective aspect: ''we-'' or reduplication | *Imperfective aspect: ''we-'' or reduplication | ||
*Progressive: ''oL-'', ''oo-'' (~ Wdm. ''ăL-'', Modern ''oL-'' with non-past meaning) | *Progressive: ''oL-'', ''oo-'' (~ Wdm. ''ăL-'', Modern ''oL-'' with non-past meaning) | ||
*Jussive: ''af-'' (~ Wdm. ''hef-''; Modern | *Jussive: ''af-'' (~ Wdm. ''hef-''; Modern Tseer uses ''xa-'' for imperative) | ||
===Derivation=== | ===Derivation=== | ||
| Line 159: | Line 159: | ||
==Poetry== | ==Poetry== | ||
Tseer poetry is based on rhyming and lines with set numbers of syllables. | |||
[[Category:Tricin]] | [[Category:Tricin]] | ||
[[Category:Lakovic languages]] | [[Category:Lakovic languages]] | ||
[[Category:Languages]] | [[Category:Languages]] | ||