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*Imperfective (the source of the English nonpast): e-grade or otherwise the unmarked form of the verb | *Imperfective (the source of the English nonpast): e-grade or otherwise the unmarked form of the verb | ||
*Preterite: PIE reduplicated perfect or root aorist | *Preterite: PIE reduplicated perfect or root aorist | ||
* | *Irrealis: sigmatic future | ||
*Stative (the source of the English past): Originally a deverbal noun; o-grade (deriving nouns in PIE), -d from -tús. It was not a true finite verb form so it didn't take ''-swe''. | *Stative (the source of the English past): Originally a deverbal noun; o-grade (deriving nouns in PIE), -d from -tús. It was not a true finite verb form so it didn't take ''-swe''. | ||
*Active participle: -ənt | *Active participle: -ənt | ||
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| ''luṗə(-se)'' || ''bhendh(-se)'' || ''choldh(-se)'' | | ''luṗə(-se)'' || ''bhendh(-se)'' || ''choldh(-se)'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Perfect | ||
| ''leluṗə(-se)'' || ''bhəndh(-se)'' || ''cechəldh(-se)'' | | ''leluṗə(-se)'' || ''bhəndh(-se)'' || ''cechəldh(-se)'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Irrealis | ||
| ''luṗəz(-se)'' || ''bhendhəz(-se)'' || ''choldhəz(-se)'' | | ''luṗəz(-se)'' || ''bhendhəz(-se)'' || ''choldhəz(-se)'' | ||
|- | |- |
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