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Aeranir: Difference between revisions
→Uses of the subjunctive
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The subjunctive has numerous uses, ranging from what potentially might be true to what the speaker wishes or commands should happen. It is often translated with 'should', 'could', 'would', 'may' and so on, but in certain contexts it is translated as if it were an ordinary indicative verb. | The subjunctive has numerous uses, ranging from what potentially might be true to what the speaker wishes or commands should happen. It is often translated with 'should', 'could', 'would', 'may' and so on, but in certain contexts it is translated as if it were an ordinary indicative verb. | ||
One use of the subjunctive is the '''speculative subjunction''', used when the speaker imagines what potentially may, might, would, or could happen in the present or future or might have happened in the past. Negation for this | One use of the subjunctive is the '''speculative subjunction''', used when the speaker imagines what potentially may, might, would, or could happen in the present or future or might have happened in the past. Negation for this type uses '''''{{term|mū}}'''''. | ||
{{interlinear| number=1.) | style2 = color:DarkMagenta; | top=''augeārur seun oeliun stērē.'' | {{interlinear| number=1.) | style2 = color:DarkMagenta; | top=''augeārur seun oeliun stērē.'' | ||
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|'Little Oscus may like a book as a gift.'}} | |'Little Oscus may like a book as a gift.'}} | ||
The subjunctive may also be used as the '''optative subjunctive''', expressing what the speaker wishes may happen, or wishes had happened. These expresses a weaker or more generalised desire, as opposed to the desiderative mood. Negation for this | The subjunctive may also be used as the '''optative subjunctive''', expressing what the speaker wishes may happen, or wishes had happened. These expresses a weaker or more generalised desire, as opposed to the desiderative mood. Negation for this type uses '''''{{term|mū}}'''''. | ||
{{interlinear| number=3.) | style2 = color:DarkMagenta; | top=''ciāvis mū seus indërī bernus!'' | {{interlinear| number=3.) | style2 = color:DarkMagenta; | top=''ciāvis mū seus indërī bernus!'' | ||
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|'If only this storm hadn't come to the capital!'}} | |'If only this storm hadn't come to the capital!'}} | ||
The '''jussive subjunctive''' can be used for commands or suggestions for what should happen. It is less direct and far more common than the '''imperative'''. Negation for this | The '''jussive subjunctive''' can be used for commands or suggestions for what should happen. It is less direct and far more common than the '''imperative'''. Negation for this type uses '''''{{term|mīm}}'''''. | ||
{{interlinear| number=4.) | style2 = color:DarkMagenta; | top=''ven hānō ēvecō veniendō!'' | {{interlinear| number=4.) | style2 = color:DarkMagenta; | top=''ven hānō ēvecō veniendō!'' | ||
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|'You should go to the temple to prevail against the curse.'}} | |'You should go to the temple to prevail against the curse.'}} | ||
Perhaps the most common use of the subjunctive is the '''conditional subjunctive'''. When the subjunctive is used in a subordinate clause (with the verb moving to the final position), it may carry the meaning 'if, when, should, etc..' This can be used both in finite verb forms, and with participles, the former being more popular in Old inscriptions and the later in Classical ones. Negation for this | Perhaps the most common use of the subjunctive is the '''conditional subjunctive'''. When the subjunctive is used in a subordinate clause (with the verb moving to the final position), it may carry the meaning 'if, when, should, etc..' This can be used both in finite verb forms, and with participles, the former being more popular in Old inscriptions and the later in Classical ones. Negation for this type uses '''''{{term|mīm}}'''''. | ||
====Desiderative==== | ====Desiderative==== | ||