Themsarian/Verbal subparadigms: Difference between revisions

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==''ı''-stems==
==Regular verbs==
'''''áubıî''' - attack, strike''
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg  " style=" text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="3" | Subject affixes
|-
!colspan="3" | Present
|-
!|
!style="width: 200px; "|Singular
!style="width: 200px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''mólīn, mólī(n)<sup>1</sup>-''<br/>''irḗdain, irēdai(n)<sup>1</sup>-''<br/>''gā́lein, gā́lei(n)<sup>1</sup>-''
|''mólmaech, mólmaech-''<br/>''irēdámaech, irēdamaech-''<br/>''gā́lémaech, gā́lemaech-''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''mólynse, mólynse-''<br/>''irēdánse, irēdanse-''<br/>''gā́lénse, gā́lense-''
|-
!|2
|''mólyr, mólyr-''<br/>''irḗdar, irēdar-''<br/>''gā́ler, gā́ler-''
|''mólylse, mólylse-''<br/>''irēdálse, irēdalse-''<br/>''gā́lélse, gā́lelse-''
|-
!|3.an
|''mólym, mólm-''<br/>''irḗdam, irēdam-''<br/>''gā́lem, gā́lem-''
|''mólyri, mólyrie-''<br/>''irēdári, irēdarie-''<br/>''gā́léri, gā́lerie-''
|-
!|3.other
|''mólis, mólisi-''<br/>''irḗdais, irēdaisi-''<br/>''gā́leis, gā́leisi-''
|''mólti, móltie-''<br/>''irēdáti, irēdatie-''<br/>''gā́léti, gā́letie-''
|-
!colspan="3" | Imperfect
|-
|colspan="3"|''Add the ''yn-'' prefix to the present forms.''
|-
!colspan="3" | Preterite
|-
!|
!style="width: 125px; "|Singular
!style="width: 125px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''mólýn, mólýn-''<br/>''irēdán, irēdán-''<br/>''gā́lén, gā́lén-''
|''mólmor, mólmor-''<br/>''irēdámor, irēdamor-''<br/>''gā́lémor, gā́lemor-''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''móltor, móltor-''<br/>''irēdátor, irēdator-''<br/>''gā́létor, gā́letor-''
|-
!|2
|''mólýr, mólýr-''<br/>''irēdár, irēdár-''<br/>''gā́lér, gā́lér-''
|''mólylis, mólylis-''<br/>''irēdális, irēdalis-''<br/>''gā́lélis, gā́lelis-''
|-
!|3.an
|''móla, mólam-''<br/>''irḗdā, irḗdām-''<br/>''gā́lea, gā́leam-''
|''mólarí, mólaríe-''<br/>''irēdārí, irēdāríe-''<br/>''gā́learí, gā́learíe-''
|-
!|3.other
|''mólar, mólar-''<br/>''irḗdār, irḗdār-''<br/>''gā́lear, gā́lear-''
|''mólatí, mólatíe-''<br/>''irēdātí, irēdātíe-''<br/>''gā́leatí, gā́leatíe-''
|-
!colspan="3" | Future
|-
!|
!style="width: 125px; "|Singular
!style="width: 125px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''mólḗn, mólḗn-''<br/>''irēdā́n, irēdā́n-''<br/>''gā́líen, gā́líen-''
|''mólḗmaech, mólḗmaech-''<br/>''irēdā́maech, irēdā́maech-''<br/>''gā́líemaech, gā́líemaech-''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''mólḗnse, mólḗnse-''<br/>''irēdā́nse, irēdā́nse-''<br/>''gā́líense, gā́líense-''
|-
!|2
|''mólḗr, mólḗr-''<br/>''irēdā́r, irēdā́r-''<br/>''gā́líer, gā́líer-''
|''mólḗlse, mólḗlse-''<br/>''irēdā́lse, irēdā́lse-''<br/>''gā́líelse, gā́líelse-''
|-
!|3.an
|''mólḗm, mólḗm-''<br/>''irēdā́m, irēdā́m-''<br/>''gā́líem, gā́líem-''
|''mólḗri, mólḗri-''<br/>''irēdā́ri, irēdā́ri-''<br/>''gā́líeri, gā́líeri-''
|-
!|3.other
|''mólḗsi, mólḗsi-''<br/>''irēdā́si, irēdā́si-''<br/>''gā́líesi, gā́líesi-''
|''mólḗti, mólḗti-''<br/>''irēdā́ti, irēdā́ti-''<br/>''gā́líeti, gā́líeti-''
|-
!colspan="3" | Jussive
|-
!|
!style="width: 125px; "|Singular
!style="width: 125px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''mólī́n, mólī́(n)<sup>1</sup>-''<br/>''irēdáin, irēdái(n)<sup>1</sup>-''<br/>''gā́léin, gā́léi(n)<sup>1</sup>-''
|''mólmáech, mólmáech-''<br/>''irēdamáech, irēdamáech-''<br/>''gā́lemáech, gā́lemáech-''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''mólynt, mólynti-''<br/>''irḗdant, irēdanti-''<br/>''gā́lent, gā́lenti-''
|-
!|2
|''mólt, mólti-''<br/>''irḗdat, irēdati-''<br/>''gā́let, gā́leti-''
|''mólylt, mólylti-''<br/>''irḗdalt, irēdalti-''<br/>''gā́lelt, gā́lelti-''
|-
!|3.an
|''mólmór, mólmór-''<br/>''irēdamór, irēdamór-''<br/>''gā́lemór, gā́lemór-''
|''mólyrór, mólyrór-''<br/>''irēdarór, irēdarór-''<br/>''gā́lerór, gā́lerór-''
|-
!|3.other
 
|''mólisór, mólisór-''<br/>''irēdasór, irēdasór-''<br/>''gā́lesór, gā́lesór-''
|''móltór, móltór-''<br/>''irēdátór, irēdatór-''<br/>''gā́létór, gā́letór-''
|-
|-
!colspan="3" | Imperative
|-
!|
!style="width: 125px; "|Singular
!style="width: 125px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''mólyns, mólyns-''<br/>''irḗdans, irēdans-''<br/>''gā́lens, gā́lens-''
|-
!|2
|''mól, mól-''<br/>''irḗda, irḗda-''<br/>''gā́le, gā́le-''
|''mólyls, mólyls-''<br/>''irḗdals, irēdals-''<br/>''gā́lels, gā́lels-''
|-
!colspan="3"| Non-finite forms
|-
!Present<br/>participle
|colspan="2"|''mólyryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''mólyrl-''<br/>''irēdáryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''irēdárl-''<br/>''gā́léryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''gā́lérl-''
|-
!Imperfect<br/>participle
|colspan="3"|''Prefix ''yn-'' to the present participle.''
|-
!Preterite<br/>participle
|colspan="2"|''mólnáryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''mólnárl-''<br/>''irēdanáryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''irēdanárl-''<br/>''gā́lenáryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''gā́lenárl-''
|-
!Future<br/>participle
|colspan="2"|''mólḗryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''mólḗrl-''<br/>''irēdā́ryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''irēdā́rl-''<br/>''gā́líeryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''gā́líerl-''
|-
!Infinitive
|colspan="2"|''móls<sup>M</sup>''<br/>''irēdás<sup>M</sup>''<br/>''gā́lés<sup>M</sup>''
|-
!Supine
|colspan="2"|''mólḗð<sup>M</sup>''<br/>''irēdā́ð<sup>M</sup>''<br/>''térieð<sup>M</sup>''
|}
 
==Semivowel stems==
===''*j''-stems===
'''''áubiī́''' - attack, strike''
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
|-
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!|1.in
!|1.in
|''-''
|''-''
|''áub'''iħar'''!''
|''áub'''ivs'''''
|''áub'''ins'''!''
|''áub'''ins'''''
|-
|-
!|2.m
!|2
|''áub'''i'''!''
|''áub'''i'''''
|rowspan="2"|''áub'''irs'''!''
|''áub'''irs'''''
|rowspan="2"|''áub'''ils'''!''
|''áub'''ils'''''
|-
!|2.f
|''áub'''id'''!''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
!|1.ex
!|1.ex
|''áub'''ıī'''''
|''áub''''''''
|''áub'''iðir'''''
|''áub'''idir'''''
|''áub'''ima'''''
|''áub'''ima'''''
|-
|-
!|1.in
!|1.in
|''-''
|''-''
|''áub'''iħare'''''
|''áub'''ivse'''''
|''áub'''inse'''''
|''áub'''inse'''''
|-
|-
!|2.m
!|2
|''áub'''ir'''''
|''áub'''ir'''''
|rowspan="2"|''áub'''irse'''''
|''áub'''irse'''''
|rowspan="2"|''áub'''ilse'''''
|''áub'''ilse'''''
|-
!|2.f
|''áub'''ī'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.m
!|3/4.m
|''áub'''i'''''
|''áub'''i'''''
|rowspan="2"|''áub'''ıir'''''
|rowspan="2"|''áub'''īr'''''
|''áub'''ivi'''''
|''áub'''ivi'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.f
!|3/4.f
|''áub'''ıis'''''
|''áub'''īs'''''
|''áub'''iti'''''
|''áub'''iti'''''
|}
|}
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!|1.ex
!|1.ex
|''áub'''ín'''''
|''áub'''ín'''''
|''áub'''irið'''''
|''áub'''isid'''''
|''áub'''imi'''''
|''áub'''imi'''''
|-
|-
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|''áub'''itā'''''
|''áub'''itā'''''
|-
|-
!|2.m
!|2
|''áub'''ír'''''
|''áub'''ír'''''
|rowspan="2"|''áub'''isré'''''
|''áub'''irith'''''
|rowspan=2|''áub'''islé'''''
|''áub'''ilith'''''
|-
!|2.f
|''áub''''''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.m
!|3/4.m
|''áub'''ís'''''
|''áub'''isa'''''
|rowspan="2"|''áub'''isrí'''''
|rowspan="2"|''áub'''isrí'''''
|''áub'''isví'''''
|''áub'''isví'''''
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{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Past imperfective'''
!colspan="4" | '''Future'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''áub'''ī́n'''''
|''áub'''ī́dir'''''
|''áub'''ī́ma'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''áub'''ī́vse'''''
|''áub'''ī́nse'''''
|-
!|2
|''áub'''ī́r'''''
|''áub'''ī́rse'''''
|''áub'''ī́lse'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.m
|''áub'''ī́'''''
|rowspan="2"|''áub'''ī́ri'''''
|''áubi'''ī́vi'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''áub'''ī́s'''''
|''áub'''ī́ti'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Jussive'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''áub'''iī́'''''
|''áub'''irdá'''''
|''áub'''imir'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''áub'''ivt'''''
|''áub'''int'''''
|-
!|2
|''áub'''it'''''
|''áub'''irt'''''
|''áub'''ilt'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''áub'''imá'''''
|rowspan="2"|''áub'''īrá'''''
|''áub'''iħá'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''áub'''īsá'''''
|''áub'''itá'''''
|}
 
===*w-stems===
'''''qervī́''' - pack, condense''
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Imperative'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''qér'''uvs'''''
|''qér'''uns'''''
|-
!|2
|''qér'''y'''''
|''qér'''urs'''''
|''qér'''uls'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Present'''
|-
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 50px; "|
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|-
|-
!|1.ex
!|1.ex
|''háub'''ín'''''
|''qér''''''''
|''háub'''irið'''''
|''qér'''udir'''''
|''háub'''imi'''''
|''qér'''uma'''''
|-
|-
!|1.in
!|1.in
|''-''
|''-''
|''háub'''itar'''''
|''qér'''uvse'''''
|''háub'''itā'''''
|''qér'''unse'''''
|-
!|2
|''qér'''ur'''''
|''qér'''urse'''''
|''qér'''ulse'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''qér'''y'''''
|rowspan="2"|''qer'''vir'''''
|''qér'''uvi'''''
|-
|-
!|2.m
!|3/4.f
|''háub'''ír'''''
|''qér'''vis'''''
|rowspan="2"|''háub'''isré'''''
|''qér'''uti'''''
|rowspan=2|''háub'''islé'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
|-
!|2.f
!colspan="4" | '''Past perfective'''
|''háub''''''''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''qer'''ún'''''
|''qér'''usid'''''
|''qér'''umi'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''qér'''utar'''''
|''qér'''utā'''''
|-
!|2
|''qer'''úr'''''
|''qér'''urith'''''
|''qér'''ulith'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.m
!|3/4.m
|''háub'''ís'''''
|''qér'''usa'''''
|rowspan="2"|''háub'''isrí'''''
|rowspan="2"|''qer'''usrí'''''
|''háub'''isví'''''
|''qer'''usví'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.f
!|3/4.f
|''háub'''isar'''''
|''qér'''usar'''''
|''háub'''istí'''''
|''qer'''ustí'''''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
!|1.ex
!|1.ex
|''áubi'''gyn'''''
|''qer'''vḗn'''''
|''áubi'''gýðir'''''
|''qer'''vḗdir'''''
|''áubi'''gym'''''
|''qer'''vḗma'''''
|-
|-
!|1.in
!|1.in
|''-''
|''-''
|''áubi'''gyħar'''''
|''qer'''vḗvse'''''
|''áubi'''gnais'''''
|''qer'''vḗnse'''''
|-
!|2
|''qer'''vḗr'''''
|''qer'''vḗrse'''''
|''qer'''vḗlse'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.m
|''qer'''vḗ'''''
|rowspan="2"|''qer'''vḗri'''''
|''qer'''vḗvi'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''qerv'''éis'''''
|''qerv'''ḗti'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Jussive'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''qerv'''ī́'''''
|''qer'''urdá'''''
|''qér'''umir'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''qér'''uvt'''''
|''qér'''unt'''''
|-
!|2
|''qér'''ut'''''
|''qér'''urt'''''
|''qér'''ult'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''qer'''umá'''''
|rowspan="2"|''qer'''virá'''''
|''qer'''uħá'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''qer'''visá'''''
|''qer'''utá'''''
|}
 
==Labial obstruent stems==
''-vi, -vie-'' "dissimilates" to ''-ħi, -ħie-''
 
'''''duobī́''' - to be assembled''
 
==Coronal obstruent stems==
===*t-, *d-, *tʰ-, *s-stems===
{*t *d *tʰ *s}
*> ''s'' / _t<br/>
*> ''r'' / _d<br/>
 
'''''qvothī́''' - shout''
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Imperative'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''qvóth'''yvs'''''
|''qvóth'''yns'''''
|-
!|2
|''qvóth'''''
|''qvóth'''yrs'''''
|''qvóth'''yls'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Present'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''qvóth'''ī'''''
|''qvó'''rdir'''''
|''qvóth'''ma'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''qvóth'''yvse'''''
|''qvóth'''ynse'''''
|-
!|2
|''qvóth'''yr'''''
|''qvóth'''yrse'''''
|''qvóth'''ylse'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''qvóth'''e'''''
|rowspan="2"|''qvóth'''ir'''''
|''qvóth'''vi'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''qvóth'''is'''''
|''qvó'''sti'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Past perfective'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
|-
!|2.m
!|1.ex
|''áubi'''gyr'''''
|''qvoth'''ýn'''''
|rowspan="2"|''áubi'''grais'''''
|''qvó'''ssid'''''
|rowspan="2"|''áubi'''glais'''''
|''qvóth'''mi'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''qvó'''star'''''
|''qvó'''stā'''''
|-
|-
!|2.f
!|2
|''áubi''''''''
|''qvoth'''ýr'''''
|''qvóth'''rith'''''
|''qvóth'''lith'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.m
!|3/4.m
|''áubi'''ge'''''
|''qvó'''ssa'''''
|rowspan="2"|''áubi'''gêri'''''
|rowspan="2"|''qvo'''srí'''''
|''áubi'''gêvi'''''
|''qvo'''sví'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.f
!|3/4.f
|''áubi'''gis'''''
|''qvó'''ssar'''''
|''áubi'''gêti'''''
|''qvo'''stí'''''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
!|1.ex
!|1.ex
|''áub'''ıî'''''
|''qvoth'''ī́'''''
|''áub'''irðá'''''
|''qvoth'''yrdá'''''
|''áub'''imir'''''
|''qvóth'''mir'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''qvóth'''yvt'''''
|''qvóth'''ynt'''''
|-
!|2
|''qvóth'''yt'''''
|''qvóth'''yrt'''''
|''qvóth'''ylt'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''qvoth'''má'''''
|rowspan="2"|''qvoth'''irá'''''
|''qvoth'''ħá'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''qvoth'''isá'''''
|''qvo'''stá'''''
|}
 
===*z-stems===
'''''fáerī́''' - interlock, jam''
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Imperative'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''fáér'''yvs'''''
|''fáér'''yns'''''
|-
!|2
|''fáér'''''
|''fáér'''yrs'''''
|''fáér'''yls'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Present'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''fáér'''ī'''''
|''fáér'''dir'''''
|''fáér'''ma'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''fáér'''yvse'''''
|''fáér'''ynse'''''
|-
!|2
|''fáér'''yr'''''
|''fáér'''yrse'''''
|''fáér'''ylse'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''fáér'''e'''''
|rowspan="2"|''fáer'''ir'''''
|''fáér'''vi'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''fáér'''is'''''
|''fáé'''sti'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Past perfective'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''fáer'''ýn'''''
|''fáé'''ssid'''''
|''fáér'''mi'''''
|-
|-
!|1.in
!|1.in
|''-''
|''-''
|''áub'''iħad'''''
|''fáé'''star'''''
|''áub'''int'''''
|''fáé'''stā'''''
|-
!|2
|''fáer'''ýr'''''
|''fáér'''rith'''''
|''fáer'''lith'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''fáé'''ssa'''''
|rowspan="2"|''fáe'''srí'''''
|''fáe'''sví'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''fáé'''ssar'''''
|''fáe'''stí'''''
|}
 
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Jussive'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''fáer'''ī́'''''
|''fáer'''yrdá'''''
|''fáér'''mir'''''
|-
|-
!|2.m
!|1.in
|''áub'''ıîr'''''
|''-''
|rowspan="2"|''áub'''irt'''''
|''fáér'''yvt'''''
|rowspan="2"|''áub'''ilt'''''
|''fáér'''ynt'''''
|-
|-
!|2.f
!|2
|''áub'''ıîd'''''
|''fáer'''yt'''''
|''fáér'''yrt'''''
|''fáér'''ylt'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.m
!|3/4.m
|''áub'''ıim'''''
|''fáer''''''''
|rowspan="2"|''áub'''ıirá'''''
|rowspan="2"|''fáer'''irá'''''
|''áub'''ıivá'''''
|''fáer'''ħá'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.f
!|3/4.f
|''áub'''ıisá'''''
|''fáer'''isá'''''
|''áub'''ıitá'''''
|''fáe'''stá'''''<br/>
|}
|}


==''ħ/q''-stems==
===*ʒ-stems===
'''''duaħî''''' - ''fade, be effaced''
'''''néuzī́''''' - ''pound, stamp''
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
|-
Line 227: Line 754:
!|1.in
!|1.in
|''-''
|''-''
|''dǔa'''ħar'''!''
|''néur'''yvs'''''
|''dǔa'''ħyns'''!''
|''néuz'''yns'''''
|-
!|2
|''néuz'''''
|''néuz'''yrs'''''
|''néuz'''yls'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Present'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''néuz'''ī'''''
|''néur'''dir'''''
|''néur'''ma'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''néur'''yvse'''''
|''néuz'''ynse'''''
|-
!|2
|''néuz'''yr'''''
|''néuz'''yrse'''''
|''néuz'''ylse'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''néuz'''e'''''
|rowspan="2"|''néuz'''ir'''''
|''néuz'''vi'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''néuz'''is'''''
|''néus'''ti'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Past perfective'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''néuz'''ýn'''''
|''néu'''ssid'''''
|''néur'''mi'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''néu'''star'''''
|''néu'''stā'''''
|-
!|2
|''néuz'''ýr'''''
|''néur'''rith'''''
|''néur'''lith'''''
|-
|-
!|2.m
!|3/4.m
|''dûa!''
|''néu'''ssa'''''
|rowspan="2"|''dǔa'''ħyrs'''!''
|rowspan="2"|''néu'''srí'''''
|rowspan="2"|''dǔa'''ħyls'''!''
|''néu'''sví'''''
|-
|-
!|2.f
!|3/4.f
|''dûa'''d'''!''
|''néu'''ssar'''''
|''néu'''stí'''''
|}
 
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Jussive'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''néuz'''ī́'''''
|''néuz'''yrdá'''''
|''néur'''mir'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''néur'''yvt'''''
|''néuz'''ynt'''''
|-
!|2
|''néuz'''yt'''
|''néuz'''yrt'''''
|''néuz'''ylt'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''néur'''má'''''
|rowspan="2"|''néuz'''irá'''''
|''néur'''ħá'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''néuz'''isá'''''
|''néu'''stá'''''<br/>
|}
 
==*ç- and *ƶ-stems==
{*ç, *ƶ}
*> ''ch'' / _*C[+coronal +plosive]
*> ''s'' / _*C[+coronal +fricative/affricate]
*> [ː~] / _{''*ç'', ''*ƶ''}
*> ''th, ð'' otherwise
 
'''''rȳthī́''' - classify, categorize''
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Imperative'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''rȳ̌th'''yvs'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''yns'''''
|-
!|2
|''rȳ̌th'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''yrs'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''yls'''''
|}
|}


Line 250: Line 909:
|-
|-
!|1.ex
!|1.ex
|''dǔa'''ħī'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''ī'''''
|''dǔa'''ððir'''''
|''rȳ̌ch'''dir'''''
|''dǔa'''mma'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''ma'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''rȳ̌th'''yvse'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''ynse'''''
|-
!|2
|''rȳ̌th'''yr'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''yrse'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''ylse'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''rȳ̌th'''e'''''
|rowspan="2"|''rȳ̌th'''ir'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''vi'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''rȳ̌th'''is'''''
|''rȳ̌ch'''ti'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Past perchective'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''rȳth'''ýn'''''
|''rȳ̌'''ssid'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''mi'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''rȳ̌ch'''tar'''''
|''rȳ̌ch'''tā'''''
|-
!|2
|''rȳth'''ýr'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''rith'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''lith'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''rȳ̌'''ssa'''''
|rowspan="2"|''rȳ'''srí'''''
|''rȳ'''sví'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''rȳ̌'''ssar'''''
|''rȳ'''stí'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Jussive'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''rȳth'''ī́'''''
|''rȳth'''yrdá'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''mir'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''rȳ̌th'''yvt'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''ynt'''''
|-
!|2
|''rȳ̌th'''yt'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''yrt'''''
|''rȳ̌th'''ylt'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''rȳth'''má'''''
|rowspan="2"|''rȳth'''irá'''''
|''rȳth'''ħá'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''rȳth'''isá'''''
|''rȳ'''chtá'''''
|}
 
==Velar stems==
C[+plosive, +velar] > ''ch'' / _''d/t/ŧ''<br/>
''g'' > ''c'' / _C[-voiced]
 
'''''uogī́''' - err, miss''
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Imperative'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
|-
!|1.in
!|1.in
|''-''
|''-''
|''dǔa'''ħare'''''
|''ǔog'''yvs'''''
|''dǔa'''ħynse'''''
|''ǔog'''yns'''''
|-
!|2
|''ǔog'''''
|''ǔog'''yrs'''''
|''ǔog'''yls'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Present'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''ǔog'''ī'''''
|''ǔoch'''dir'''''
|''ǔog'''ma'''''
|-
|-
!|2.m
!|1.in
|''dǔa'''ħyr'''''
|''-''
|rowspan="2"|''dǔa'''ħyrse'''''
|''ǔog'''yvse'''''
|rowspan="2"|''dǔa'''ħylse'''''
|''ǔog'''ynse'''''
|-
|-
!|2.f
!|2
|''dǔa'''ħē'''''
|''ǔog'''yr'''''
|''ǔog'''yrse'''''
|''ǔog'''ylse'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.m
!|3/4.m
|''dǔa'''ħe'''''
|''ǔog'''e'''''
|rowspan="2"|''dǔa'''ħir'''''
|rowspan="2"|''ǔog'''ir'''''
|''dǔa'''vvi'''''
|''ǔog'''vi'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.f
!|3/4.f
|''dǔa'''ħis'''''
|''ǔog'''is'''''
|''dǔa'''tti'''''
|''ǔoch'''ti'''''
|}
|}


Line 288: Line 1,075:
|-
|-
!|1.ex
!|1.ex
|''dua'''ħýn'''''
|''uog'''ýn'''''
|''dǔa'''zzið'''''
|''ǔoc'''sid'''''
|''dǔa'''mmi'''''
|''ǔog'''mi'''''
|-
|-
!|1.in
!|1.in
|''-''
|''-''
|''dǔa'''ttar'''''
|''ǔoch'''tar'''''
|''dǔa'''ttā'''''
|''ǔoch''''''''
|-
|-
!|2.m
!|2
|''dua'''ħýr'''''
|''uog'''ýr'''''
|rowspan="2"|''dua'''ssré'''''
|''ǔog'''rith'''''
|rowspan=2|''dua'''sslé'''''
|''ǔog'''lith'''''
|-
|-
!|2.f
!|3/4.m
|''dua'''ħe̋'''''
|''ǔoc'''sa'''''
|rowspan="2"|''uoc'''srí'''''
|''uoc'''sví'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''ǔoc'''sar'''''
|''uoc'''stí'''''
|}
 
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Jussive'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''uog'''ī́'''''
|''uog'''yrdá'''''
|''ǔog'''mir'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''ǔog'''yvt'''''
|''ǔog'''ynt'''''
|-
!|2
|''ǔog'''yt'''''
|''ǔog'''yrt'''''
|''ǔog'''ylt'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.m
!|3/4.m
|''dǔa'''s'''''
|''uog''''''''
|rowspan="2"|''dua'''ssrí'''''
|rowspan="2"|''uog'''irá'''''
|''dua'''ssví'''''
|''uog'''ħá'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.f
!|3/4.f
|''dǔa'''ssar'''''
|''uog'''isá'''''
|''dua'''sstí'''''
|''uoch''''''''<br/>
|}
|}


==Guttural stems==
===Radical stems===
====*q-stems====
====*ʁ-stems====
====*qʰ-stems====
===*ʔ-stems===
<nowiki>*</nowiki>ʔ
*> [ː~] / V_CV
*> [~ː] / V_CC
'''''hēseī́''' - feel, emote''


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Past imperfective'''
!colspan="4" | '''Imperative'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''hēsḗ'''vs'''''
|''hēsḗ'''ns'''''
|-
!|2
|''hēsé''
|''hēsḗ'''rs'''''
|''hēsḗ'''ls'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Present'''
|-
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 50px; "|
Line 326: Line 1,178:
|-
|-
!|1.ex
!|1.ex
|''hedua'''ħî'''''
|''hēsé'''ī'''''
|''hedǔa'''rrið'''''
|''hēsé'''ddir'''''
|''hedǔa'''mmi'''''
|''hēsé'''mma'''''
|-
|-
!|1.in
!|1.in
|''-''
|''-''
|''hedǔa'''ttar'''''
|''hēsḗ'''vse'''''
|''hedǔa'''ttā'''''
|''hēsḗ'''nse'''''
|-
!|2
|''hēsé'''yr'''''
|''hēs'''ḗrse'''''
|''hēs'''ḗlse'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''hēs'''é'''''
|rowspan="2"|''hēsé'''ìr'''''
|''hēsé'''vvi'''''
|-
|-
!|2.m
!|3/4.f
|''hedua'''ħýr'''''
|''hēsé'''ìs'''''
|rowspan="2"|''hedua'''ssré'''''
|''hēsé'''tti'''''
|rowspan=2|''hedua'''sslé'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Past perfective'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''hēse'''ýn'''''
|''hēsé'''ssid'''''
|''hēsé'''mmi'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''hēsé'''ttar'''''
|''hēsé'''ttā'''''
|-
|-
!|2.f
!|2
|''heduaħ''''''''
|''hēse'''ýr'''''
|''hēsé'''rrith'''''
|''hēsé'''llith'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.m
!|3/4.m
|''hedua'''ħýn'''''
|''hēsé'''ssa'''''
|rowspan="2"|''hedua'''ssrí'''''
|rowspan="2"|''hēsē'''srí'''''
|''hedua'''ssví'''''
|''hēsē'''sví'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.f
!|3/4.f
|''hedǔa'''nnar'''''
|''hēsé'''ssar'''''
|''hedua'''sstí'''''
|''hēsē'''stí'''''
|}
|}


Line 364: Line 1,248:
|-
|-
!|1.ex
!|1.ex
|''dǔa'''ggyn'''''
|''hēse'''ḗn'''''
|''dua'''ggýðir'''''
|''hēse'''ḗdir'''''
|''dua'''ggym'''''
|''hēse'''ḗma'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''hēse'''ḗvse'''''
|''hēse'''ḗnse'''''
|-
!|2
|''hēse'''ḗr'''''
|''hēse'''ḗrse'''''
|''hēse'''ḗlse'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.m
|''hēse'''ḗ'''''
|rowspan="2"|''hēse'''ḗri'''''
|''hēse'''ḗvi'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''hḗse'''éis'''''
|''hḗse'''ḗti'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Jussive'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''hēse'''ī́'''''
|''hēsē'''rdá'''''
|''hēsé'''mmir'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''hēsḗ'''vt'''''
|''hēsḗ'''nt'''''
|-
!|2
|''hēsḗ'''t'''''
|''hēsḗ'''rt'''''
|''hēsḗ'''lt'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''hēse'''mmá'''''
|rowspan="2"|''hēse'''ìrá'''''
|''hēsē'''ħá'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''hēse'''ìsá'''''
|''hēse'''ttá'''''
|}
 
====*{m, n, l, r}ʔ-stems====
''*{m, n, l, r}ʔ''
*> ''mp'', ''{n, l, r}t''
*> ''m'' / _C[+labial +obstruent], ''{n, l, r}'' / _C[+coronal +obstruent]
 
'''''híltī́''' - imply, make transparent''
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Imperative'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''hílty'''vs'''''
|''hílty'''ns'''''
|-
!|2
|''hílt''
|''hílty'''rs'''''
|''hílty'''ls'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Present'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''hílt'''ī'''''
|''híl'''dir'''''
|''hílt'''ma'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''hílty'''vse'''''
|''hílty'''nse'''''
|-
!|2
|''hílty'''r'''''
|''hílty'''rse'''''
|''hílty'''lse'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''hílt'''e'''''
|rowspan="2"|''hílt'''ir'''''
|''hílt'''vi'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''hílt'''is'''''
|''híl'''ti'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Past perfective'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''hílt'''ýn'''''
|''híl'''sid'''''
|''hílt'''mi'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''híl'''tar'''''
|''híl'''tā'''''
|-
!|2
|''hílt'''ýr'''''
|''hílt'''rith'''''
|''hílt'''lith'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''híl'''sa'''''
|rowspan="2"|''híl'''srí'''''
|''híl'''sví'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''híl'''sar'''''
|''híl'''stí'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Jussive'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''hílt'''ī́'''''
|''hílty'''rdá'''''
|''hílt'''mir'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''hílty'''vt'''''
|''hílty'''nt'''''
|-
!|2
|''hílt'''yt'''''
|''hílty'''rt'''''
|''hílty'''lt'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''hílt'''má'''''
|rowspan="2"|''hílt'''irá'''''
|''hílt'''ħá'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''hílt'''isá'''''
|''híl'''tá'''''
|}
 
===''h''-stems===
<nowiki>*</nowiki>h
*> [ː~] / V_C[+fricative]V
*> [~ː] / V_C[otherwise]
 
'''''bohī́''' - measure''
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Imperative'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''bō̌'''vs'''''
|''bō̌'''ns'''''
|-
!|2
|''bō̌''
|''bō̌'''rs'''''
|''bō̌'''ls'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Present'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''bóh'''ī'''''
|''bō̌'''dir'''''
|''bō̌'''ma'''''
|-
|-
!|1.in
!|1.in
|''-''
|''-''
|''dǔa'''ggyħar'''''
|''bō̌'''vse'''''
|''dǔa'''ggnais'''''
|''bō̌'''nse'''''
|-
!|2
|''bóh'''yr'''''
|''bō̌'''rse'''''
|''bō̌'''lse'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''bóh'''e'''''
|rowspan="2"|''bóh'''ir'''''
|''bō̌'''vi'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''bóh'''is'''''
|''bō̌'''ti'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Past perfective'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
|-
!|2.m
!|1.ex
|''dǔa'''ggyr'''''
|''boh'''ýn'''''
|rowspan="2"|''dǔa'''ggrais'''''
|''bó'''ssid'''''
|rowspan="2"|''dǔa'''gglais'''''
|''bō̌'''mi'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''bō̌'''tar'''''
|''bō̌''''''''
|-
|-
!|2.f
!|2
|''dǔa'''ggē'''''
|''boh'''ýr'''''
|''bō̌'''rith'''''
|''bō̌'''lith'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.m
!|3/4.m
|''dǔa'''gge'''''
|'''''ssa'''''
|rowspan="2"|''dua'''ggêri'''''
|rowspan="2"|'''''srí'''''
|''dua'''ggêvi'''''
|'''''sví'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.f
!|3/4.f
|''dǔa'''ggis'''''
|'''''ssar'''''
|''dua'''ggêti'''''
|'''''stí'''''
|}
|}


Line 402: Line 1,547:
|-
|-
!|1.ex
!|1.ex
|''dua'''ħî'''''
|''boh'''ī́'''''
|''dua'''ħyrðá'''''
|''bō̌'''rdá'''''
|''dǔa'''ħimir'''''
|''bō̌'''mir'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''bō̌'''vt'''''
|''bō̌'''nt'''''
|-
!|2
|''bō̌'''t'''''
|''bō̌'''rt'''''
|''bō̌'''lt'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''bō'''má'''''
|rowspan="2"|''boh'''irá'''''
|''bō'''ħá'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''boh'''isá'''''
|''bō'''tá'''''
|}
 
====*{m, n, l, r}h-stems====
''*{m, n, l, r}h''
*> ''mf'', ''{n, l, r}th''
*> ''m'' / _C[+labial +obstruent], ''{n, l, r}'' / _C[+coronal +obstruent]
 
 
'''''inthī́''' - lie (be in a supine position)''
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Imperative'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''ínthy'''vs'''''
|''ínthy'''ns'''''
|-
!|2
|''ínth''
|''ínthy'''rs'''''
|''ínthy'''ls'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Present'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''ínth'''ī'''''
|''ín'''dir'''''
|''ínth'''ma'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''ínthy'''vse'''''
|''ínthy'''nse'''''
|-
!|2
|''ínthy'''r'''''
|''ínthy'''rse'''''
|''ínthy'''lse'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''ínth'''e'''''
|rowspan="2"|''ínth'''ir'''''
|''ínth'''vi'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''ínth'''is'''''
|''ín'''ti'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Past perfective'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''inth'''ýn'''''
|''ín'''sid'''''
|''ínth'''mi'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''ín'''tar'''''
|''ín'''tā'''''
|-
!|2
|''inth'''ýr'''''
|''ínth'''rith'''''
|''ínth'''lith'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''ín'''sa'''''
|rowspan="2"|''in'''srí'''''
|''in'''sví'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''ín'''sar'''''
|''in'''stí'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Jussive'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''inth'''ī́'''''
|''inthy'''rdá'''''
|''ínth'''mir'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''ínthy'''vt'''''
|''ínthy'''nt'''''
|-
!|2
|''ínth'''yt'''''
|''ínthy'''rt'''''
|''ínthy'''lt'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''inth'''má'''''
|rowspan="2"|''inth'''irá'''''
|''inth'''ħá'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''inth'''isá'''''
|''in'''tá'''''
|}
 
==Irregular verbs==
===Suppletive verbs===
Suppletive verbs have many monosyllabic forms; in order to compensate for the lack of tonal information other roots were grafted into their paradigms.
 
====''vā́cī́n'' - copula====
The copula is highly suppletive. The present, future, jussive and the infinitives share the stem ''vā́c-'', while the imperfect has the stem ''ynt-'' (< ''*ʔṇʔ-''). (There is no preterite.) Note also the preterite endings in the imperfect tense.
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Imperative'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''vā́c'''yvs'''''
|''vā́c'''yns'''''
|-
!|2
|''vā́c''
|''vā́c'''yrs'''''
|''vā́c'''yls'''''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Present'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|(''vā́c'''īn''''')
|(''vā́ch'''dir''''')
|(''vā́c'''mi''''')
|-
|-
!|1.in
!|1.in
|''-''
|''-''
|''dǔa'''ħad'''''
|(''vā́c'''yvse''''')
|''dǔa'''ħynt'''''
|(''vā́c'''ynse''''')
|-
|-
!|2.m
!|2
|''dua'''ħîr'''''
|(''vā́c'''yr''''')
|rowspan="2"|''dǔa'''ħyrt'''''
|(''vā́c'''yrse''''')
|rowspan="2"|''dǔa'''ħylt'''''
|(''vā́c'''ylse''''')
|-
|-
!|2.f
!|3/4.m
|''dua'''ħîd'''''
|(''vā́ce'')
|rowspan="2"|(''vā́c'''ir''''')
|(''vā́c'''vi''''')
|-
!|3/4.f
|(''vā́c'''is''''')
|(''vā́ch'''ti''''')
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Present subjunctive'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''ávā́c'''īn'''''
|''ávā́ch'''dir'''''
|''ávā́c'''mi'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''ávā́c'''yvse'''''
|''ávā́c'''ynse'''''
|-
!|2
|''ávā́c'''yr'''''
|''ávā́c'''yrse'''''
|''ávā́c'''ylse'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.m
!|3/4.m
|''dǔa'''ħim'''''
|''ávā́ce''
|rowspan="2"|''dua'''ħirá'''''
|rowspan="2"|''ávā́c'''ir'''''
|''dua'''ħivá'''''
|''ávā́c'''vi'''''
|-
|-
!|3/4.f
!|3/4.f
|''dua'''ħisá'''''
|''ávā́c'''is'''''
|''dua'''ħitá'''''
|''ávā́ch'''ti'''''
|}
|}


==*ʔ-stems==
==''h''-stems==
==Coronal obstruent stems==


==*z-stems==
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Imperfect'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''yntýn''
|''ýnsid''
|''ýntmā''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''ýntar''
|''ýntā''
|-
!|2
|''yntýr''
|''ýntrith''
|''ýntlith''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''ýnta''
|rowspan="2"|''yntarí''
|''yntaví''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''ýntar''
|''yntatí''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Imperfect subjunctive'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''ēntýn''
|''ḕnsid''
|''ḕntmā''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''ḕntar''
|''ḕntā''
|-
!|2
|''ēntýr''
|''ḕntrith''
|''ḕntlith''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''ḕnta''
|rowspan="2"|''ēntarí''
|''ēntaví''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''ḕntar''
|''ēntatí''
|}
 
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Jussive'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''vā́c'''ī́n'''''
|''vā́ch'''dír'''''
|''vā́c'''mí'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''vā́c'''yvt'''''
|''vā́c'''ynt'''''
|-
!|2
|''vā́c'''yt'''''
|''vā́c'''yrt'''''
|''vā́c'''ylt'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''vā́c'''má'''''
|rowspan="2"|''vā́c'''irá'''''
|''vā́c'''ħá'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''vā́c'''isá'''''
|''vā́ch'''tá'''''
|}
 
====''morī́n'' - 'exist'====
 
===Reduplicating stems===
These verbs are reflexes of monosyllabic verbs whose stem originally consisted of consonant clusters with no vowel and was subsequently reduplicated to accommodate tonal patterns. They comprise a few irregular verbs.
===Eliding stems===
139,115

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