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* Rā2 = (r, like khā2) | * Rā2 = (r, like khā2) | ||
* zāy, ðāl = (z, like bā2) | * zāy, ðāl = (z, like bā2) | ||
* sīn = | * sīn = ß ße ßi ßw ßè ßì ßẁ ßej ßev | ||
* šīn = s se si sw sè sì sẁ sej sev | * šīn = s se si sw sè sì sẁ sej sev | ||
* Sād = (s{{cll}}, like khā2) | * Sād = (s{{cll}}, like khā2) | ||
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* ''es{{cll}} s{{cll}}ajf'' (əS-Sajf) 'summer' | * ''es{{cll}} s{{cll}}ajf'' (əS-Sajf) 'summer' | ||
** before broad ''s{{cll}}b, s{{cll}}d, s{{cll}}g, s{{cll}}m'', the definite article is ''el{{cll}}'': ''el{{cll}} s{{cll}}mac{{cda}}t{{cll}}'' 'control, authority' | ** before broad ''s{{cll}}b, s{{cll}}d, s{{cll}}g, s{{cll}}m'', the definite article is ''el{{cll}}'': ''el{{cll}} s{{cll}}mac{{cda}}t{{cll}}'' 'control, authority' | ||
* '' | * ''eß ßene'' (əs-sénə) 'the year' | ||
* ''ez{{cll}} z{{cll}}uhr'' (əZ-Zúhər) 'noon' | * ''ez{{cll}} z{{cll}}uhr'' (əZ-Zúhər) 'noon' | ||
* ''ez zeȝrùl'' (əz-zaRū́l) 'the hawthorn' | * ''ez zeȝrùl'' (əz-zaRū́l) 'the hawthorn' | ||
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===== Stem II (recettib) ===== | ===== Stem II (recettib) ===== | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;" | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;" | ||
|+ Stem II verb conjugation: '' | |+ Stem II verb conjugation: ''rogaddiß'' 'he sanctified; he attended Mass' (Arabic ''qaddasa'') | ||
! style="width: 75px; "| → Person<br/>↓ Tense | ! style="width: 75px; "| → Person<br/>↓ Tense | ||
! style="width: 75px; " | 1sg | ! style="width: 75px; " | 1sg | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! past; conditional | ! past; conditional | ||
| '' | | ''rogaddeßtin'' | ||
| '' | | ''rogaddeßßint'' | ||
| '' | | ''rogaddiß hw{{`}}'' | ||
| '' | | ''rogaddßet hì'' | ||
| '' | | ''rogaddeßne'' | ||
| '' | | ''rogaddeß(ßint)wm'' | ||
| '' | | ''rogaddßw hwm'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! future; subjunctive | ! future; subjunctive | ||
| '' | | ''ngaddiß'' | ||
| '' | | ''tgaddiß'' | ||
| '' | | ''jgaddiß hẁ'' | ||
| '' | | ''tgaddiß hì'' | ||
| '' | | ''ngaddßw'' | ||
| '' | | ''tgaddßw'' | ||
| '' | | ''jgaddßw hum'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! imperative | ! imperative | ||
| ''-'' | | ''-'' | ||
| '' | | ''gaddiß!'' | ||
| ''-'' | | ''-'' | ||
| ''-'' | | ''-'' | ||
| ''-'' | | ''-'' | ||
| '' | | ''gaddßw!'' | ||
| ''-'' | | ''-'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! passive participle | ! passive participle | ||
|colspan=7| '' | |colspan=7| ''mgaddiß'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! verbal noun | ! verbal noun | ||
|colspan=7| ''teg{{cll}} | |colspan=7| ''teg{{cll}}dìß'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
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===== Stem VIII (rictetib) ===== | ===== Stem VIII (rictetib) ===== | ||
===== Stem X ( | ===== Stem X (rißtectib) ===== | ||
==== 4-consonant roots ==== | ==== 4-consonant roots ==== | ||
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=== Numerals === | === Numerals === | ||
''vè{{heth}}ad'' /veahəd/, ''nejn, dlède, earb{{cll}}ȝa, | ''vè{{heth}}ad'' /veahəd/, ''nejn, dlède, earb{{cll}}ȝa, xamße, ßitte, ßeab{{cll}}{{3}}a, dmènje, dißȝa, ȝasra'' (''nejn'' is due to rebracketing: ''vèħad, dnejn'' → ''vèħad, nejn'' | ||
attributive forms: ''vè{{heth}}ad/vè{{heth}}de, zevg, dlèdit, earb{{cll}}{{3}}at{{cll}}, | attributive forms: ''vè{{heth}}ad/vè{{heth}}de, zevg, dlèdit, earb{{cll}}{{3}}at{{cll}}, xamßt, {{sīn}}ittit, ßeab{{cll}}{{3}}at{{cll}}, dmènit, dißȝat, ȝasrat{{cll}}'' | ||
'' | ''xamßt meara'' (by Irish influence; dated) or ''xamßt ni{{sīn}}e'' '5 women', ''xamßt en-ni{{sīn}}e'' 'the 5 women' | ||
''evvil, dèni, dèlid, ràb{{cll}}aȝ, | ''evvil, dèni, dèlid, ràb{{cll}}aȝ, xàmiß, ßètit, ßèb{{cll}}aȝ, dmèni, dèßeȝ, ȝàser'' | ||
Ordinals come before nouns, as in Irish: ''ed dèlid bèb'' (abbrev. ''ed .3. bèb'') = the third door | Ordinals come before nouns, as in Irish: ''ed dèlid bèb'' (abbrev. ''ed .3. bèb'') = the third door | ||
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* Tuesday: ''jwm Dlède'' | * Tuesday: ''jwm Dlède'' | ||
* Wednesday: ''jwm Ear{{cll}}b{{cll}}{{3}}a'' | * Wednesday: ''jwm Ear{{cll}}b{{cll}}{{3}}a'' | ||
* Thursday: ''jwm | * Thursday: ''jwm Xamße'' | ||
* Friday: ''jwm Gim{{3}}a'' | * Friday: ''jwm Gim{{3}}a'' | ||
* Saturday: ''jwm | * Saturday: ''jwm ẞebt'' | ||
abbreviated as "D 2 3 4 5 G | abbreviated as "D 2 3 4 5 G ẞ", e.g. ''jwm 2'' | ||
== Texts == | == Texts == | ||
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* a hypothetical news report in Modern Irta Midhir | * a hypothetical news report in Modern Irta Midhir | ||
=== UDHR, Article 1 === | === UDHR, Article 1 === | ||
:''Ritvèldw el bnèdmìn cwllhe | :''Ritvèldw el bnèdmìn cwllhe xèlße {{ocus}} coṁionanna f uirrimhwm {{ocus}} fi ceartathum. Hwme mrabbħa ber rèsùn{{cll}} {{ocus}} beḻ cogaḃḃus{{cll}} {{ocus}} ȝalèhwm jiomċru rùħhum meȝ silsìn b mèin guṟ eaxva.'' | ||
:/rɪtʰˈveːldʊ əl bnɪdˈmiːn ˈcʰʊlhə ˈχe:lsə ɟɪs qʰəwʶˈnʶanʶ:ə f ˈʊr:ɪmhʊm ɪs fɪ cərʶˈtʶʰe:hʊm | ˈhʊmə ˈmʶrʶapʰ:ɐ bər rəˈsʶu:nʶ ɪs bəlʶ qʰɔˈʔʶawʶ:ʊsʶ əɟɪs ɐˈle:hʊm ˈjʊmʶχrʶʊ ˈrʶuɐhhʊm mɐ ʃɪlˈʃi:n bə me:n ʔʶʊrʶ ˈaχvʶə/ | :/rɪtʰˈveːldʊ əl bnɪdˈmiːn ˈcʰʊlhə ˈχe:lsə ɟɪs qʰəwʶˈnʶanʶ:ə f ˈʊr:ɪmhʊm ɪs fɪ cərʶˈtʶʰe:hʊm | ˈhʊmə ˈmʶrʶapʰ:ɐ bər rəˈsʶu:nʶ ɪs bəlʶ qʰɔˈʔʶawʶ:ʊsʶ əɟɪs ɐˈle:hʊm ˈjʊmʶχrʶʊ ˈrʶuɐhhʊm mɐ ʃɪlˈʃi:n bə me:n ʔʶʊrʶ ˈaχvʶə/ | ||
:[rɪt̪ʰˈveːl{{den}}d{{den}}ʊ̈ ə̟lbn̪ɪd̪ˈmiːŋ̟ ˈk̟ʰʊ̈lhə ˈχɛːls{{den}}ə̟ g̟ɪs{{den}} qʰʌwʶˈn̪ʶɑn̪ʶːʌ ˈf‿ʊ̈rːɪmhʊ̈m ˌɛg̟ɪs{{den}} fɪ k̟ʰərʶˈt̪ʶʰɛːhʊ̈mʲ ‖ hʊ̈mə̟ ˈm{{uvu}}rʶɑpːʰɐ̟ bərrə̟ˈs{{den}}{{uvu}}ʊːn{{den}}{{uvu}} ɪs{{den}} bəl̪ʶqʰʌˈʔɑwwʶʊs{{den}}ʶ əg̟ɪs{{den}} ɐ̟ˈleːhʊ̈mʲ ˈjʊmʶχrʶʊ ˈrʶʊɐħ̞ħ̞ʊm mɐ̟ ʃɪ̟lʃiːnʲ b‿meːnʲ ʔʶʊrʶ ˈæχwʶʌ] | :[rɪt̪ʰˈveːl{{den}}d{{den}}ʊ̈ ə̟lbn̪ɪd̪ˈmiːŋ̟ ˈk̟ʰʊ̈lhə ˈχɛːls{{den}}ə̟ g̟ɪs{{den}} qʰʌwʶˈn̪ʶɑn̪ʶːʌ ˈf‿ʊ̈rːɪmhʊ̈m ˌɛg̟ɪs{{den}} fɪ k̟ʰərʶˈt̪ʶʰɛːhʊ̈mʲ ‖ hʊ̈mə̟ ˈm{{uvu}}rʶɑpːʰɐ̟ bərrə̟ˈs{{den}}{{uvu}}ʊːn{{den}}{{uvu}} ɪs{{den}} bəl̪ʶqʰʌˈʔɑwwʶʊs{{den}}ʶ əg̟ɪs{{den}} ɐ̟ˈleːhʊ̈mʲ ˈjʊmʶχrʶʊ ˈrʶʊɐħ̞ħ̞ʊm mɐ̟ ʃɪ̟lʃiːnʲ b‿meːnʲ ʔʶʊrʶ ˈæχwʶʌ] | ||