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Annerish: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox language | {{Infobox language | ||
| name = Middle Annerish | | name = Middle Annerish | ||
| nativename = ın béırlen Annrach <br>{{Rune|᛬ᛁ᛫ᛕᛁᛁᛧᚳᛁ᛫ᚭᚢᛂᛧᚭᚼ᛬}} | | nativename = ın béırlen Annrach <br>''{{Rune|᛬ᛁ᛫ᛕᛁᛁᛧᚳᛁ᛫ᚭᚢᛂᛧᚭᚼ᛬}}'' | ||
| pronunciation = {{IPA|[əˈmbeɪ̯ɹʎəˈnɑɯ̯nrʊx]}} | | pronunciation = {{IPA|[əˈmbeɪ̯ɹʎəˈnɑɯ̯nrʊx]}} | ||
| familycolor = Indo-European | | familycolor = Indo-European | ||
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| iso3 = qrz | | iso3 = qrz | ||
}} ''created by [[User:Ceolsige18|Aireanna]]'' | }} ''created by [[User:Ceolsige18|Aireanna]]'' | ||
The '''Annerish''' language (ın béırlen Annrach, ''runic: | The '''Annerish''' language (''ın béırlen Annrach'', ''runic: {{Rune|᛬ᛁ᛫ᛕᛁᛁᛧᚳᛁ᛫ᚭᚢᛂᛧᚭᚼ᛬}}'') is a medieval, early-split Germanic language spoken by the inhabitants of the [[Verse:Anneries|Anneries]] (''ın Annray'', ''runic: {{Rune|᛬ᛁ᛫ᚭᚢᛂᛧᛆᚢ᛬}}''), an archipelago emerging from the [[:w:Porcupine_Seabight|Porcupine Bank]] off the west coast of Ireland. | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
It is attested in two distinct forms, namely: Old Annerish and Middle Annerish. Only a handful of vital pagan religious texts survive in the older language, first put to manuscript in the 7th century, though possibly composed a couple of centuries earlier. Despite having been affected by a series of phonological changes that had radically altered its appearance compared to other old [[:w:Germanic languages|Germanic]] languages, these ancient verse and prose exhibit abundant vocabulary of Germanic stock, albeit under a heavy [[:w:Goidelic languages|Goidelic]] superstratum. <br> | It is attested in two distinct forms, namely: Old Annerish and Middle Annerish. Only a handful of vital pagan religious texts survive in the older language, first put to manuscript in the 7th century, though possibly composed a couple of centuries earlier. Despite having been affected by a series of phonological changes that had radically altered its appearance compared to other old [[:w:Germanic languages|Germanic]] languages, these ancient verse and prose exhibit abundant vocabulary of Germanic stock, albeit under a heavy [[:w:Goidelic languages|Goidelic]] superstratum. <br> | ||
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===Etymology=== | ===Etymology=== | ||
The name "Annerish" is derived simply from a combination of the endonym [[Contionary:Annr#Anrish|Annr]], whose origin is disputed, + -ish in English. Similarly, "the Anneries" derives from the native ın Annray - a compound | The name "Annerish" is derived simply from a combination of the endonym ''[[Contionary:Annr#Anrish|Annr]]'', whose origin is disputed, + -ish in English. Similarly, "the Anneries" derives from the native ''ın Annray'' - a compound with Old Norse [[:wikt:ey#Old_Norse|ey]], translating to "the Annerish islands". | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
It is hypothesised that the Annerish people are either one and the same with, or a subgroup of the [[:w:Belgae|Balgae]] who migrated from the Gallo-Germanic confederation to south Britain and later fled to Ireland at the wake of the Roman conquest. Many characteristic features of [[:w:Common_Brittonic|Brythonic]] and Goidelic languages are shared with the Anrish language, which has previously been regarded as Celtic. True classification has also been obscured by the crucial lack of [[:w:Verner%27s_law|Verner's law]], along with sweeping sound changes by analogy with the mutation strategies of the dominant languages that reverse some of the effects of [[:w:Grimm%27s_law|Grimm's law]], though notably not in reflexes of *hw- and *þw- initials. | It is hypothesised that the Annerish people are either one and the same with, or a subgroup of the [[:w:Belgae|Balgae]] who migrated from the Gallo-Germanic confederation to south Britain and later fled to Ireland at the wake of the Roman conquest. Many characteristic features of [[:w:Common_Brittonic|Brythonic]] and Goidelic languages are shared with the Anrish language, which has previously been regarded as Celtic. True classification has also been obscured by the crucial lack of [[:w:Verner%27s_law|Verner's law]], along with sweeping sound changes by analogy with the mutation strategies of the dominant languages that reverse some of the effects of [[:w:Grimm%27s_law|Grimm's law]], though notably not in reflexes of *hw- and *þw- initials. | ||
A list of the most important changes will be given below (in approximate order): | A list of the most important changes will be given below (in approximate order): | ||
*wu> *ū. This must have been a feature of the Proto-Germanic dialect of the Annerish people before influences from Brittonic, where *ū> ȳ, and also precedes *kw> p (*kwuruz> *kūrj-> cuír, not **puír) | *wu> *ū. This must have been a feature of the Proto-Germanic dialect of the Annerish people before influences from Brittonic, where *ū> ȳ, and also precedes *kw> p (*kwuruz> *kūrj-> ''cuír'', not **puír) | ||
*ē<sub>2</sub>> ī (*ē<sub>2</sub>hiraz> íochr - maple) | *ē<sub>2</sub>> ī (*ē<sub>2</sub>hiraz> ''íochr'' - maple) | ||
Monophthongization of PG diphthongs: | Monophthongization of PG diphthongs: | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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Labiovelars become bilabials: | Labiovelars become bilabials: | ||
*kw> p-, -b- (*kwrammaz> *pramm~ pram - damp, *nakwô> *nǫba~ napa - ship); *gw> b-, -g- (*gwenþiz> *bũıḋ~ bóıd - fight, *snaigwaz> *nnœ́ġ~ neòg - snow); *ngw> -mb- (*slangwijō> *llaımb~ laım - sling); *hw> f (*hwītaz> *fíd~ fíot - white, *tēhwō> *téŭf~ teòfa) | *kw> p-, -b- (*kwrammaz> *pramm~''pram'' - damp, *nakwô> *nǫba~''napa'' - ship); *gw> b-, -g- (*gwenþiz> *bũıḋ~''bóıd'' - fight, *snaigwaz> *nnœ́ġ~''neòg'' - snow); *ngw> -mb- (*slangwijō> *llaımb~''laım'' - sling); *hw> f (*hwītaz> *fíd~''fíot'' - white, *tēhwō> *téŭf~''teòfa'') | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||