9,171
edits
Bpnjohnson (talk | contribs) mNo edit summary |
Bpnjohnson (talk | contribs) |
||
(4 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
Line 82: | Line 82: | ||
| slêp-'''∅''' | | slêp-'''∅''' | ||
| slêp-'''os''' | | slêp-'''os''' | ||
| slêp-'''oru'' | | slêp-'''oru''' | ||
| slêp-'''ᴍ''' | | slêp-'''ᴍ''' | ||
| slêp-'''ɴs''' | | slêp-'''ɴs''' | ||
Line 103: | Line 103: | ||
Stems which end in –baz or –daz in Proto-Germanic become unvoiced in the nominative and accusative singular in Valthungian. Specifically, ba-stems end in '''f''' in the nominative and accusative, and '''v''' elsewhere. | Stems which end in –baz or –daz in Proto-Germanic become unvoiced in the nominative and accusative singular in Valthungian. Specifically, ba-stems end in '''f''' in the nominative and accusative, and '''v''' elsewhere. | ||
Historically, the Valthungian ba-stems also include the fa-stems, while the da-stems include the þa-stems, which have come to follow the same voicing patterns. | Historically, the Valthungian ba-stems also include the fa-stems, while the da-stems include the þa-stems, which have come to follow the same voicing patterns. | ||
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.m.a| | {{Template:Valthungian/n.st.m.a|wluf|wluv|wolf}} | ||
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.n.a|draf|drav|job}} | |||
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.m.a|mōþ|mōð|disposition}} | {{Template:Valthungian/n.st.m.a|mōþ|mōð|disposition}} | ||
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.n.a| | {{Template:Valthungian/n.st.n.a|wroþ|wroð|word}} | ||
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st. | |||
=====ga-stems===== | |||
Masculine a–stems ending in –gaz deviate from the rest of the standards only in the nominative singular, in which *–gaz becomes Gothic and Griutungi –gs, and later –gz and finally –ǧ. | |||
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.m.ga|da|daǧ|day}} | |||
=====ha-stems===== | |||
ha-stems (skōfs) nom & acc sg have f; gu elsewhere | |||
======iha-stems====== | |||
iha-stems (slīs) it gets weird... | |||
=====ma-stems===== | |||
ma-stems (drǭms, ǣðums) - no metathesis in dative plural | |||
=====mba-stems===== | |||
mba-stems (lams) - b is dropped in nom and acc sg | |||
=====na-stems===== | |||
na-stems (himins, lapins) - no metathesis in dative or accusative plural | |||
=====nda-stems===== | |||
nda-stems (hunǧ, ganǧ) nom. sg. has -nǧ instead of **-nds | |||
=====ra-stems===== | |||
ra-stems (wer, bēr) - no nominative singular -s | |||
=====sa-stems===== | |||
sa-stems (drus, ams) - no nominative singular -s | |||
=====za-stems===== | |||
za-stems (mims, gǣs) - s in nom and acc; ž elsewhere, no nominative singular -s | |||
=====geminate-stems===== | |||
geminate-stems (puls, swams) single sonorant in nom and acc sg; extended syllabic reflex elsewhere | |||
=====syllabic stems===== | |||
syllabic stems (bagmas, naglas) - no metathesis, -a(-) gets added where necessary | |||
======syllabic ra-stems====== | |||
syllabic ra-stems (þundra, naðra) - syllabic, also no nominative singular -s | |||
===ja-Stems=== | ===ja-Stems=== | ||
Line 185: | Line 198: | ||
==r-Stems (all genders)== | ==r-Stems (all genders)== | ||
The r-stems are a very small class of nouns consisting of family members. Here is the full list: | The r-stems are a very small class of nouns consisting of family members. Here is the full list: | ||
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.m.r| | {{Template: Valthungian/n.st.m.r|brōð|brœuð|brother}} | ||
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.f.r|mōð|mœuð|mother}} | {{Template: Valthungian/n.st.n.r|ǧūt|ǧut|grandchild}} | ||
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.n.r| | {{Template: Valthungian/n.st.f.r|dǭt|dœ̄t|daughter}} | ||
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.f.r|þjūst|þjūst|granddaughter (son’s daughter)}} | |||
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.m.r|þjūt|þjūt|grandson (son’s son)}} | |||
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.f.r|mōð|mœuð|mother}} | |||
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.n.r|swǣ|swǣ|parent-in-law}} | |||
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.f.r|swist|swist|sister}} | |||
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.m.r|tǣk|tǣk|brother-in-law (spouse’s brother)}} | |||
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.m.r|fað|feð|father}}<!-- | |||
NB: ǧūtra and swǣra - blurb about neuter r-stems | |||
Link to page for kinship terms. | |||
Create Page about kinship terms.--> | |||
==n-Stems (all genders)== | ==n-Stems (all genders)== | ||
Line 212: | Line 235: | ||
The r/n-stems, also known as “heteroclitic nouns” or “heteroclites,” are a small group of weak neuter nouns in which the typical -n- of the ending is replaced by -r- in some declensions. This is and old, ''old'' relic likely from Pre-Indo-European. Heteroclites were not present in Gothic. They are all somewhat irregular, but there are just three of them: | The r/n-stems, also known as “heteroclitic nouns” or “heteroclites,” are a small group of weak neuter nouns in which the typical -n- of the ending is replaced by -r- in some declensions. This is and old, ''old'' relic likely from Pre-Indo-European. Heteroclites were not present in Gothic. They are all somewhat irregular, but there are just three of them: | ||
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="text-align: center;" | {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="text-align: center;" | ||
! colspan=5| Weak Neuter r/n-Stem Noun: ''[[Contionary: | ! colspan=5| Weak Neuter r/n-Stem Noun: ''[[Contionary: žikur#Valthungian|žikur]]'' ‘liver’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! width=150|n.wk.n.r/n | ! width=150|n.wk.n.r/n | ||
Line 221: | Line 244: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align: right;" | '''Singular''' | | style="text-align: right;" | '''Singular''' | ||
| | |žikur | ||
| | |žikuns | ||
| | |žikun | ||
| | |žikun | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align: right;" | '''Plural''' | | style="text-align: right;" | '''Plural''' | ||
| | |žikuna | ||
| | |žikunaro | ||
| | |žikum | ||
| | |žikuna | ||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="text-align: center;" | {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="text-align: center;" | ||
! colspan=5| Weak Neuter r/n-Stem Noun: ''[[Contionary: | ! colspan=5| Weak Neuter r/n-Stem Noun: ''[[Contionary: fǭr#Valthungian|fǭr]]'' ‘fire’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! width=150|n.wk.n.r/n | ! width=150|n.wk.n.r/n | ||
Line 243: | Line 266: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align: right;" | '''Singular''' | | style="text-align: right;" | '''Singular''' | ||
| | |fǭr | ||
|funins | |funins | ||
|funin | |funin | ||
| | |fǭn | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align: right;" | '''Plural''' | | style="text-align: right;" | '''Plural''' |