Carpathian ablaut: Difference between revisions

Carpathian ablaut (view source)

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 ===ū- and ī-grades===
 Unlike in Proto-Indo-European, in Carpathian '''u''' and '''i''' were full vowels and took part in quantitative alternations alongside '''o''' and '''e'''. Resulting mostly from the loss of laryngeals "ū" and "ī" gave rise to a lengthened grade, which later spread by analogy and was employed in several morphological categories:
-*Forming new intransitive verbs from transitive verbs with full grade vowels: '''''ū'''ktei'' “to learn”, '''''au'''kītei'' “to teach” (full grade), ''uknautei'' “to get accustomed” (zero grade).
+*Forming new intransitive verbs from transitive verbs with full grade vowels: '''''ū'''ktei'' “to learn”, '''''au'''kītei'' “to teach” (full grade), '''''u'''nnautei'' “to get accustomed” (zero grade).
 *Deriving substantives from verbs with zero grade: ''ź'''ū'''ka'' “nickname” from ''ź'''u'''hētei'' “to call”, ''pil'''ī'''skas'' “patter” from ''pil'''i'''skātei'' “to clap, to patter”.
 *Forming iterative verbs from the non-iterative ones: ''kal'''āwī'''tei'' “to be praising” from ''kal'''au'''tei'' “to be famous”. This type is unproductive and may be a borrowing from the Slavic languages (''slaviti'' from ''sluti'' respectively).