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edits
Tonuao: Difference between revisions
→Classifiers
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| meals | | meals | ||
| bibimbap ピピムパプ飯 ''pipimupapu-puen'' | | bibimbap ピピムパプ飯 ''pipimupapu-puen'' | ||
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===Demonstratives and indefinite=== | |||
Demonstratives occur in the 此 ''ji-'', 其 ''ki-'', and 彼 ''pi-'' series. The 此 ''ji-'' (proximal) series refers to things closer to the speaker than the hearer, the 其 ''ki-'' (mesial) series for things closer to the hearer, and the 彼 ''pi-'' (distal) series for things distant to both the speaker and the hearer. With 何 ''ha-'', demonstratives turn into the corresponding interrogative form. | |||
{| class="bluetable" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1100px;" | |||
! width="10%"| | |||
! width="11%"|Proximal<br>(此 ''ji-'') | |||
! width="11%"|Mesial<br>(其 ''ki-'') | |||
! width="13%"|Distal<br>(彼 ''pi-'') | |||
! width="11%"|Interrogative<br>(何 ''ha-'') | |||
! width="11%"|Negative<br>(無 ''miu-'') | |||
! width="11%"|Universal<br>(毎 ''mei-'') | |||
! width="11%"|Assertive<br>existential<br>(某 ''mou'') | |||
! width="11%"|Elective<br>existential<br>(? ''?'') | |||
|- | |||
!Adjective | |||
|此 ''ji'' <br>this | |||
|其 ''ki'' <br>that | |||
|彼 ''pi'' <br>that over there | |||
|何 ''ha'' <br>what | |||
|無 ''miu'' <br>no | |||
|毎 ''mei'' <br>every | |||
|某 ''mou'' <br>some | |||
|<br>any | |||
|- | |||
!Thing (物 ''-mutu'') | |||
|此物 ''jimutu'' <br>this one | |||
|其物 ''kimutu'' <br>that one | |||
|彼物 ''pimutu'' <br>that one over there | |||
|何物 ''hamutu'' <br>which one | |||
|無物 ''miumutu'' <br>nothing | |||
|毎物 ''meimutu'' <br>everything | |||
|某物 ''moumutu'' <br>something | |||
|<br>anything | |||
|- | |||
!Person (人 ''-nin'') | |||
|此人 ''jinin'' <br>this person | |||
|其人 ''kinin'' <br>that person | |||
|彼人 ''pinin'' <br>that person over there | |||
|何人 ''hanin'' <br>who | |||
|無人 ''miunin'' <br>nobody | |||
|毎人 ''meinin'' <br>everybody | |||
|某人 ''mounin'' <br>somebody | |||
|<br>anybody | |||
|- | |||
!Place (処 ''-jo'') | |||
|此処 ''jijo'' <br>here | |||
|其処 ''kijo'' <br>there | |||
|彼処 ''pijo'' <br>over there | |||
|何処 ''hajo'' <br>where | |||
|無処 ''miujo'' <br>nowhere | |||
|毎処 ''meijo'' <br>everywhere | |||
|某処 ''moujo'' <br>somewhere | |||
|<br>anywhere | |||
|- | |||
!Time (時 ''-'') | |||
|此時 ''jisi'' <br>now | |||
|其時 ''kisi'' <br>then | |||
|彼時 ''pisi'' <br>at that other time | |||
|何時 ''hasi'' <br>when | |||
|無時 ''miusi'' <br>never | |||
|毎時 ''meisi'' <br>always | |||
|某時 ''mousi'' <br>sometime | |||
|<br>anytime | |||
|- | |||
!Manner (様 ''-yanu'') | |||
|此様 ''jiyanu'' <br>in this manner | |||
|其様 ''kiyanu'' <br>in that manner | |||
|彼様 ''piyanu'' <br>in that other manner | |||
|何様 ''hayanu'' <br>how | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|某様 ''mouyanu'' <br>somehow | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!Quantity (多 ''-ta'') | |||
|此多 ''jita'' <br>this many / much | |||
|其多 ''kita'' <br>that many / much | |||
|彼多 ''pita'' <br>in that other quantity | |||
|何多 ''hata'' <br>how many / much | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!Kind (''-chi'') | |||
|<br>like this | |||
|<br>like that | |||
|<br>like that other kind | |||
|<br>what kind of | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!Reason (因 ''-in'') | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|何因 ''hain'' <br>why | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||