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Syzkyn: Difference between revisions

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Syzkyn (view source)

Revision as of 00:04, 4 June 2023

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| name            = Syzkyn
| name            = Syzkyn
| nativename      = сызқынҟы мол / სჷზქჷნყჷ მოლ<br>syzkynqy mol
| nativename      = сызқынҟы мол / სჷზქჷნყჷ მოლ<br>syzkynqy mol
| pronunciation    = [ˈsɘzˌkʰʲəɴ.qʹə mɔɫ]
| pronunciation    = ˈsɘzˌkʲʰəɴ.qʹə mɔɫ
| states          = Russia, Georgia, Turkey, with small diaspora
| states          = Russia, Georgia, Turkey, with small diaspora
| region          = Abkhazia, Syzkyn Republic
| region          = Abkhazia, Syzkyn Republic
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== Phonology ==
== Phonology ==


Syzkyn's phonological inventory is strongly reminiscent of Kartvelian languages, particularly Mingrelian.
Syzkyn's phonological inventory is similar to those of Kartvelian languages.


=== Consonants ===
=== Consonants ===
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! <small>Aspirated</small>
! <small>Aspirated</small>
|  
|  
| ʦʰ
| t͡sʰ
| ʧʰ
| t͡ʃʰ
|  
|  
| [qχʰ]<sup>3</sup>
| [qχʰ]<sup>3</sup>
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! <small>Voiced</small>
! <small>Voiced</small>
|  
|  
| ʣ
| d͡z
| ʤ
| d͡ʒ
|  
|  
| [ɢʁ]<sup>3</sup>
| [ɢʁ]<sup>3</sup>
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! <small>Ejective</small>
! <small>Ejective</small>
|  
|  
| ʦʹ
| t͡sʹ
| ʧʹ
| t͡ʃʹ
|  
|  
|
|
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|-
|-
! Mid
! Mid
| e~ɛ
| e~ɛ<sup>3</sup>
| o~ɔ
| o~ɔ<sup>4</sup>
|-
|-
! Open
! Open
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## [ɪ] after a palatalized velar (in dialects that palatalize the velar stops) or /j/
## [ɪ] after a palatalized velar (in dialects that palatalize the velar stops) or /j/
## [ʊ] after a labialized consonant
## [ʊ] after a labialized consonant
# Typically reduced to [ɐ] when unstressed
# Typically reduced to [ɐ] when unstressed. Broadly transcribed as /a/
# Broadly transcribed as /e/
# Broadly transcribed as /o/


=== Prosody ===
=== Prosody ===
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== Orthography ==
== Orthography ==
The primary modern orthography for Syzkyn is the Cyrillic alphabet, which is similar to the alphabet used for Abkhaz. Historically, it has also been written in the Mkhedruli script, which some speakers in diaspora still use.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
! Cyrillic
! Mkhedruli
! Transliteration
! IPA
! Notes
|-
| А а
| ა
| A a
| a
|
|-
| Б б
| ბ
| B b
| b
|
|-
| Г г
| გ
| G g
| g
|
|-
| Ӷ ӷ
| ღ
| Ğ ğ
| ɣ~ʁ
| Archaic variant: ҕ
|-
| Д д
| დ
| D d
| d
|
|-
| Дж дж
| ჯ
| Dž dž
| d͡ʒ
|
|-
| Дз дз
| ძ
| Dz dz
| d͡z
|
|-
| Е е
| (ჲ)ე
| (J)E, (j)e
| (j)e
| /je/ initially and after vowels, otherwise /e/
|-
| Ё ё
| ჲო
| Jo jo
| jo
|
|-
| Ж ж
| ჟ
| Ž ž
| ʒ
|
|-
| З з
| ზ
| Z z
| z
|
|-
| И и
| ი
| I i
| i
|
|-
| Й й
| ჲ
| J j
| j
|
|-
| К к
| კ
| K' k'
| kʰ
|
|-
| Қ қ
| ქ
| K k
| kʹ
|
|-
| Ҟ ҟ
| ყ
| Q q
| qʹ
|
|-
| Л л
| ლ
| L l
| l
|
|-
| М м
| მ
| M m
| m
|
|-
| Н н
| ნ
| N n
| n
|
|-
| О о
| ო
| O o
| o
|
|-
| П п
| პ
| P' p'
| pʹ
|
|-
| Ԥ ԥ
| ფ
| P p
| pʰ
| Archaic variant: ҧ
|-
| Р р
| რ
| R r
| r
|
|-
| С с
| ს
| S s
| s
|
|-
| Т т
| ტ
| T' t'
| tʹ
|
|-
| Ҭ ҭ
| თ
| T t
| tʰ
|
|-
| У у
| უ
| U u
| u
|
|-
| Ф ф
| ჶ
| F f
| f
|
|-
| Х х
| ხ
| X x
| χ
|
|-
| Ҳ ҳ
| ჰ
| H h
| h
|
|-
| Ц ц
| ც
| C c
| t͡sʰ
|
|-
| Ҵ ҵ
| წ
| C' c'
| t͡sʹ
|
|-
| Ч ч
| ჭ
| Č' č'
| t͡ʃʹ
|
|-
| Ҷ ҷ
| ჩ
| Č č
| t͡ʃʰ
|
|-
| Ш ш
| შ
| Š š
| ʃ
|
|-
| Ы ы
| ჷ
| Y y
| ə
|
|-
| Э э
| ე
| E e
| e
| Only used initially or after vowels
|-
| Ю ю
| ჲუ
| Ju ju
| ju
|
|-
| Я я
| ჲა
| Ja ja
| ja
|
|-
|}
Stress is typically unmarked, but for documentation is indicated with an acute (á).


== Grammar ==
== Grammar ==
Syzkyn's grammar has been heavily influenced by Kartvelian languages, but continues some characteristic features of Old Norse. Broadly, Syzkyn is agglutinating, dependent-marking, pro-drop, and strongly head-final.


=== Nouns ===
=== Nouns ===
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