Natalician: Difference between revisions

Natalician (view source)

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 * Every grammatical prefix disobeys the vowel harmony aswell.
-==Parts of speech==
+===Parts of speech===
 There are nine '''parts of speech''' (''kurzuk felev'') in Natalician.
 #'''[[noun]]''' (''iztin'' "name");
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 Also, a verbal noun or adverb can take a direct object.
-In Natalician, an ascriptive clause can be composed of a common noun standing alone as the Predicative, both the Subject and the Predicator being implicit and assumed from the situation. Example:
+There are two standards for listing verbs in dictionaries. Most dictionaries follow the tradition of spelling out the '''infinitive form''' of the verb as the [[headword]] of the entry, but others such as the Zeraltan Natalician-English Dictionary are more technical and spell out the '''stem''' of the verb instead, that is, they spell out a string of letters that is useful for producing all other verb forms through morphological rules. Similar to the latter, this article follows the stem-as-citeword standard.
-:''köpek'' – "dog"
+* '''Infinitive''': ''oruvu'' ("to read")
-:''Köpek.'' – "It is a dog."
+* '''Stem''': ''oru-'' ("read")
-This means that both a noun and a verb can alone constitute an affirmative clause in Turkish, which is not the case in English.
-There are two standards for listing verbs in dictionaries. Most dictionaries follow the tradition of spelling out the '''infinitive form''' of the verb as the [[headword]] of the entry, but others such as the Redhouse Turkish-English Dictionary are more technical and spell out the '''stem''' of the verb instead, that is, they spell out a string of letters that is useful for producing all other verb forms through morphological rules. Similar to the latter, this article follows the stem-as-citeword standard.
+In Natalician, the verbal stem is also the second-person singular imperative form. Example:
-* '''Infinitive''': ''koşmak'' ("to run")
+:''oru-'' (stem meaning "read")
-* '''Stem''': ''koş-'' ("run")
+:''Oru!'' ("Read!")
-In Turkish, the verbal stem is also the second-person singular imperative form. Example:
+Many verbs are formed from nouns by addition of ''-še''. For example:
-:''koş-'' (stem meaning "run")
+:''mar'' – "structure"
-:''Koş!'' ("Run!")
+:''maršo'' – "build / construct"
-Many verbs are formed from nouns by addition of ''-le''. For example:
+Most adjectives can be treated as nouns or pronouns. For example, ''ďen'' can mean "young", "young person", or "the young person being referred to".
-:''köpek'' – "dog"
-:''köpekle'' – "dog paddle" (in any of several ways)
-The [[aorist]] tense of a verb is formed by adding ''-(i/e)r''. The plural of a noun is formed by suffixing ''-ler''.
-Hence, the suffix ''-ler'' can indicate either a plural noun or a finite verb:
-:''Köpek'' + ''ler'' – "(They are) dogs."
-:''Köpekle'' + ''r'' – "S/he dog paddles."
-Most adjectives can be treated as nouns or pronouns. For example, ''genç'' can mean "young", "young person", or "the young person being referred to".
-An adjective or noun can stand, as a modifier, before a noun.  If the modifier is a noun (but not a noun of material), then the second noun word takes the inflectional suffix ''-i'':
-:''ak diş'' – "white tooth"
-:''altın diş'' – "gold tooth"
-:''köpek dişi'' – "canine tooth"
 [[Comparison (grammar)|Comparison]] of adjectives is not done by inflecting adjectives or adverbs, but by other means (described [[#Comparison|below]]).
 Adjectives can serve as adverbs, sometimes by means of repetition:
-:''yavaş'' – "slow"
+:''danah'' – "happy"
-:''yavaş yavaş'' – "slowly"
+:''danah danah'' – "happily"