1,043
edits
Aryan: Difference between revisions
→Development into Indo-European Languages
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 317: | Line 317: | ||
Aryan has only zero-grade (∅) and full grade (_) | Aryan has only zero-grade (∅) and full grade (_) | ||
*(_)-as [forms active nouns] EX: | *(_)-as [forms active animate nouns] EX: kʰúh<sub>2</sub>as "sound" = PIE *(é)-os in *ḱlewos | ||
*(∅)-ás [forms active adjectives] EX: *pdás "capable to step" = PIE *(e)-ós in *pṓds | *(∅)-ás [forms active animate adjectives] EX: *pdás "capable to step" = PIE *(e)-ós in | ||
*(á)-as [forms passive nouns] EX: | *pṓds | ||
*(a)-ás [forms passive adjectives] EX: = PIE *(o)-ós, *the construction became agentive instead of passive in PIE, but some archaic forms remain, such as *gʰoysós "spear" | *(á)-as [forms passive animate nouns] EX: ... = PIE *(ó)-os in ... | ||
*(_)-tár [forms agent nouns] | *(a)-ás [forms passive animate adjectives] EX: = PIE *(o)-ós, *the construction became agentive instead of passive in PIE, but some archaic forms remain, such as *gʰoysós "spear" | ||
*(_)-tram [forms instrument nouns] *fusion of *(_)-tár [agent particle] and *-am [neuter particle] | *(_)-ar [forms active inanimate nouns] EX: *húdar "water" = PIE *-r̥ in *wódr̥ | ||
*(∅)-C-ás [forms derived nouns through mobile roots] EX: *pʰtʰūymás PIE = PIE *(∅)-mós | *(∅)-ár [forms active inanimate adjectives] | ||
*(á)-ar [forms passive inanimate nouns] | |||
*(á)-ar [forms passive inanimate nouns] | |||
*(_)-tár [forms agent nouns] | |||
*(_)-tram [forms instrument nouns] *fusion of *(_)-tár [agent particle] and *-am [neuter particle] | |||
*(∅)-C-ás [forms derived nouns through mobile roots] EX: *pʰtʰūymás PIE = PIE *(∅)-mós | |||
mobile roots: | mobile roots: | ||
-*r "quality" | -*r "quality" | ||