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| Line 2,999: |
Line 2,999: |
| As with elsewhere in the language, these | | As with elsewhere in the language, these |
| are not differentiated for number, although there is an inclusive and exclusive | | are not differentiated for number, although there is an inclusive and exclusive |
| “us”. Note that for the purposes of the syntax, using one of these affixes on a transitive verb changes it to intransitive: | | “us”. Note that for the purposes of the syntax, using one of these affixes on a transitive verb changes it to intransitive. |
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| | <h5>Infixation</h5> |
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| | Most of the time, a pronominal object is indicated by using the infixes below: |
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| 1PS Exclusive: <iek> /ek/, | | 1PS Exclusive: ak /ak/, uch /uc/ |
| <ich> /ic/
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| 1PS Inclusive: <us> /us/, <ahl> | | 1PS Inclusive: us /us/, ahl> |
| /aɬ/ | | /aɬ/ |
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| 2PS: <at> /at/, <iet> /etɬ/ | | 2PS: at> /at/, iet /etɬ/ |
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| 3PS: <ar> /aʁ/, <iel> /el/ | | 3PS: ar> /aʁ/, iel /el/ |
| (if the object is topicalised, no affix is used) | | (if the object is topicalised, no affix is used) |
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| Reflexive: <as> /as/, <iehl> /eɬ/ | | Reflexive: ies /es/, ihl /iɬ/ |
| (used when the subject is doing something to themself, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflexive_verb) | | (used when the subject is doing something to themself, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflexive_verb) |
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| Line 3,053: |
Line 3,056: |
| swindle, mirative | | swindle, mirative |
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| dekamaehlu /dɘkamɛɬu/ - to
| | duokamaehlu /dokamɛɬu/ - to |
| scam / swindle me / us (not including you), mirative (the /e/ centralised to /ɘ/) | | scam / swindle me / us (not including you), mirative |
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| daetamaehlu /dɛtamɛɬu/ - to | | daetamaehlu /dɛtamɛɬu/ - to |
| Line 3,086: |
Line 3,089: |
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| <h5>Irregular 2nd Person Inflection</h5> | | <h6>áe(tt)s> Infix</h6> |
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| Alveolar stops are never found before /i/ | | Alveolar stops are never found before /i/ |
| Line 3,092: |
Line 3,095: |
| nor before diphthongs starting with these. If because of the second person | | nor before diphthongs starting with these. If because of the second person |
| object infix /at/, such a forbidden sequence would | | object infix /at/, such a forbidden sequence would |
| occur, the infix <áes> /ɛʔs/ is used instead e.g. | | occur, the infix áes /ɛʔs/ is used instead e.g. |
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| Line 3,117: |
Line 3,120: |
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| <h5>Irregular 1st Person Exclusive Inflection</h5>
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| A few verbs form the 1st
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| Person Pronominal Object forms differently.
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| <h6><íey> Substitution</h6>
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| If the verb base begins with a soft consonant, followed by modally
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| voiced /i/ or /ɨ/, followed by a voiceless obstruent (possibly with /ɴ/
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| intervening), and after that a vowel with modal or breathy voice, then instead of using an infix, the initial vowel changes to <íey> /eiʔ/ e.g.
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| shuetlun /çɨtɬun/ - to count, mirative
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| yíeytlun /jeiʔtɬuɴ/ - to count me / us (not
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| including you), mirative (remember that <sh> is only permitted before
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| vowels with modal voice, so it becomes <j> before the vowel with modal
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| voice)
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| likù /likuɦ/ - to turn something / someone around,
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| noun-focus
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| líeykù /leiʔkuɦ/ - to turn me /us around (not including you) , noun-focus
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| pyuehliliqin /pʲɨɬiliʔiɴ/ - to
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| squeeze, mirative
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| pyíeyliliqin /pʲeiʔliliʔiɴ/ - to squeeze me
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| / us (not including you), mirative (remember that fricatives other than /s/ are
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| only phonemic if either of the adjacent vowel (s) have modal voice, so
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| <hl> /ɬ/ changed to <l> /l/)
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| <h6>Fricativisation </h6>
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| If the verb base begins with a soft consonant, followed by modally voiced /i/ or /ɨ/, followed by an approximant and after that a vowel with tense or breathy voice, then not only does the initial vowel change to íey, but the approximant becomes a fricative e.g.
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| lirátù /liʁaʔtuɦ/ - to see, noun-focus
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| líeyhátù /leiʔχaʔtuɦ - to see me / us (not including you), noun-focus
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| <h6>Ejectivisation</h6>
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| If the verb base begins with a soft consonant, followed by
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| tense voice <íey> /eiʔ/, followed by a voiceless obstruent (possibly
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| with /ɴ/ intervening), followed by a vowel with tense voice, then the
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| voiceless obstruent (that begins the second syllable) becomes ejective e.g.
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| yíeykátù /jeiʔkaʔtuɦ/ - to tie up, noun-focus
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| yíeykkátù /jeiʔkʼaʔtuɦ/ - to tie me / us
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| up (not including you), noun-focus
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| [[Category:Languages]][[Category:Conlangs]] | | [[Category:Languages]][[Category:Conlangs]] |