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As with elsewhere in the language, these
As with elsewhere in the language, these
are not differentiated for number, although there is an inclusive and exclusive
are not differentiated for number, although there is an inclusive and exclusive
“us”. Note that for the purposes of the syntax, using one of these affixes on a transitive verb changes it to intransitive:
“us”. Note that for the purposes of the syntax, using one of these affixes on a transitive verb changes it to intransitive.
 
<h5>Infixation</h5>
 
Most of the time, a pronominal object is indicated by using the infixes below:


&nbsp;
&nbsp;


1PS Exclusive: &lt;iek&gt; /ek/,
1PS Exclusive: ak /ak/, uch /uc/
&lt;ich&gt; /ic/


1PS Inclusive: &lt;us&gt; /us/, &lt;ahl&gt;
1PS Inclusive: us /us/, ahl&gt;
/a&#620;/
/a&#620;/


2PS: &lt;at&gt; /at/, &lt;iet&gt; /et&#620;/
2PS: at&gt; /at/, iet /et&#620;/


3PS: &lt;ar&gt; /a&#641;/, &lt;iel&gt; /el/
3PS: ar&gt; /a&#641;/, iel /el/
(if the object is topicalised, no affix is used)
(if the object is topicalised, no affix is used)


Reflexive: &lt;as&gt; /as/, &lt;iehl&gt; /e&#620;/
Reflexive: ies /es/, ihl /i&#620;/
(used when the subject is doing something to themself, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflexive_verb)
(used when the subject is doing something to themself, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflexive_verb)


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swindle, mirative
swindle, mirative


dekamaehlu /d&#600;kam&#603;&#620;u/ - to
duokamaehlu /dokam&#603;&#620;u/ - to
scam / swindle me / us (not including you), mirative (the /e/ centralised to /&#600;/)
scam / swindle me / us (not including you), mirative


daetamaehlu /d&#603;tam&#603;&#620;u/ - to
daetamaehlu /d&#603;tam&#603;&#620;u/ - to
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&nbsp;
&nbsp;


<h5>Irregular 2nd Person Inflection</h5>
<h6>áe(tt)s&gt; Infix</h6>


Alveolar stops are never found before /i/
Alveolar stops are never found before /i/
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nor before diphthongs starting with these. If because of the second person
nor before diphthongs starting with these. If because of the second person
object infix /at/, such a forbidden sequence would
object infix /at/, such a forbidden sequence would
occur, the infix &lt;áes&gt; /&#603;&#660;s/ is used instead e.g.
occur, the infix áes /&#603;&#660;s/ is used instead e.g.


&nbsp;
&nbsp;
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&nbsp;
&nbsp;
<h5>Irregular 1st Person Exclusive Inflection</h5>
A few verbs form the 1st
Person Pronominal Object forms differently.
<h6>&lt;íey&gt; Substitution</h6>
If the verb base begins with a soft consonant, followed by modally
voiced /i/ or /&#616;/, followed by a voiceless obstruent (possibly with /&#628;/
intervening), and after that a vowel with modal or breathy voice, then instead of using an infix, the initial vowel changes to &lt;íey&gt; /ei&#660;/ e.g.
&nbsp;
shuetlun /ç&#616;t&#620;un/ - to count, mirative
yíeytlun /jei&#660;t&#620;u&#628;/ - to count me / us (not
including you), mirative (remember that &lt;sh&gt; is only permitted before
vowels with modal voice, so it becomes &lt;j&gt; before the vowel with modal
voice)
&nbsp;
likù /liku&#614;/ - to turn something / someone around,
noun-focus
líeykù /lei&#660;ku&#614;/ - to turn me /us around (not including you) , noun-focus
&nbsp;
pyuehliliqin /p&#690;&#616;&#620;ili&#660;i&#628;/ - to
squeeze, mirative
pyíeyliliqin /p&#690;ei&#660;lili&#660;i&#628;/ - to squeeze me
/ us (not including you), mirative (remember that fricatives other than /s/ are
only phonemic if either of the adjacent vowel (s) have modal voice, so
&lt;hl&gt; /&#620;/ changed to &lt;l&gt; /l/)
&nbsp;
<h6>Fricativisation </h6>
If the verb base begins with a soft consonant, followed by modally voiced /i/ or /&#616;/, followed by an approximant and after that a vowel with tense or breathy voice, then not only does the initial vowel change to íey, but the approximant becomes a fricative e.g.
lirátù /li&#641;a&#660;tu&#614;/ - to see, noun-focus
líeyhátù /lei&#660;&#967;a&#660;tu&#614; - to see me / us (not including you), noun-focus
&nbsp;
<h6>Ejectivisation</h6>
If the verb base begins with a soft consonant, followed by
tense voice &lt;íey&gt; /ei&#660;/, followed by a voiceless obstruent (possibly
with /&#628;/ intervening), followed by a vowel with tense voice, then the
voiceless obstruent (that begins the second syllable) becomes ejective e.g.
yíeykátù /jei&#660;ka&#660;tu&#614;/ - to tie up, noun-focus
yíeykkátù /jei&#660;k&#700;a&#660;tu&#614;/ - to tie me / us
up (not including you), noun-focus




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[[Category:Languages]][[Category:Conlangs]]
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