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Frrurtu

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-''Pipepi'' ("The Bushlark", 1958), a free-verse piece by the Rttirrian poet Sruwurtu Ukapi, who is credited with helping Rttirrian literature and poetry branch out from its long tradition of cynicism and darkness.
+==Phonology==
+===Consonants===
-::{|
+{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
-||'''English'''|| || '''Rttirri''' || || '''Gloss'''
+!  |
+!  |Labial
+!  |Alveolar
+!  |Palatal
+!  |Velar
+!  |Retroflex
+!  |Pharyngeal?
 |-
-||As I strode through the forest,|| || Nitutasaifaityunu sasyakichatta, || ||1SG.ABS-PST-walk-and-find-ANTIPASS-DRPAC forest-through
+! Nasal
+| *'''m''' /m/
+| *'''n''' /n/
+|
+|
+| *'''rn''' /ɳ/
+|
 |-
-||I found a bushlark sitting on the ground.|| || pipepikka kku wukini mursuri. || ||bushlark-DAT that 3SG.ABS-sit-DRPAC ground-LOC
+! Plosive
+| *'''p''' /p/<br>*'''b''' /b/
+| *'''t''' /t/<br>*'''d''' /d/
+|
+| *'''k''' /k/<br>*'''g''' /g/
+| *'''rt''' /ʈ/<br>*'''rd''' /ɖ/
+|
 |-
-||She cooed to greet me|| || Puhirnunu sahaipuhhui nakka || ||3SG.ABS-PST-coo-DRPAC greet-GER-for 1SG.DAT
+! Fricative
+| *'''f''' /ɸ/<br>*'''v''' /β/
+| *'''s''' /s/<br>*'''z''' /z/
+|
+|
+|
+|
 |-
-||and lifted a limp wing to wave.|| || hu weretumaki afnu michi. || ||and 3SG.CAUS-3SG.ABS-wave-wing
+! Affricate
+|
+| *'''ch''' /t͡ʃ/
+|
+|
+|
+|
 |-
-||"So morose is the cry of the birds of this area,"|| || "Ttyasittyahirnupu kelime rreumanye rikeu," || ||3SG.ABS-morose-GER-coo-GER word bird-PL-GEN here
+! Approximant
-|-
+| *'''w''' /w/
-||I remarked to myself.|| || napukemisana. || ||1SG.ERG-3SG.ABS-PST-remark-dummy-DRPAC
+|
-|-
+| *'''y''' /j/
-||"Nay," she said! "I am happy.|| || "Nu, nimarrattyana!" wapurtiusana. || || no 1SG.ABS-happy-GER-DRPAC 3SG.ERG-PST-say-dummy-DRPAC
+|
-|-
+| *'''rl''' /ɭ/<br>*'''rr''' /ɻ/
-||"My stomach cries for berries,|| || "Amirsetini fraimahhui, || || 3SG.ABS-cry-stomach-DRPAC berry-PL-for
+| *'''l<sub>1</sub>'''<br>*'''l<sub>2</sub>'''
-|-
+|}
-||"but I can answer it with beetles.|| || "wa nikinene tyurrumarratye. || || but 1SG.ABS-respond-DRPAC beetle-PL-INS
-|-
+* The exact pronunciation of the consonants transcribed as '''l<sub>1</sub>''' and '''l<sub>2</sub>''' is unknown.
-||"My lungs cry for exercise of the wings,|| || "Hhiamiwamini echauhhui makimarranye, || || 3PL.ABS-cry-lung-DRPAC exercise-for wing-PL-INS
+:* Among the descendants of Proto-Rttirrian, these two sounds survived only in Proto-South-Rttirrian, where they merged into a single phoneme, */ʟ/. That phoneme corresponds to /l/ and many instances of the low [[w:tone (linguistics)|tone]] in Gaju, and corresponds to /w/ and diphthongal /u/ in Rttirri. In all other descendants of Proto-Rttirrian, '''l<sub>1</sub>''' and '''l<sub>2</sub>''' disappeared as consonants and survive only in their effects on surrounding vowels.
-|-
+:* Some linguists posit that they were [[w:pharyngeal consonant|pharyngeal]] approximants [ħ] and [ʕ], pointing to the fact that they generally had a backing effect on surrounding vowels in branches other than South Rttirrian. Others note that these backing effects were not uniform, and suggest that only '''l<sub>2</sub>''' was pharyngeal while '''l<sub>1</sub>''' was something like the velarized lateral [ɫ], or a lateral fricative [ɬ~ɮ].
-||"but I can answer them with a jog.|| || "wa nikinene mikikapurranye. || || but 1SG.ABS-respond-DRPAC jog-GER-INS
-|-
+===Vowels===
-||"My heart cries for a man or a friend|| || "Amirupana rnuhhui wa nyeppaihhui || || 3PL.ABS-cry-heart-DRPAC man-for or friend-for
+{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; border-spacing: 20px;"
 |-
-||"of my own kind,|| || "nakesyinye, || || 1SG.POSS-species-GEN
+! |
+! Front
+! Central
+! Back
 |-
-||"anything for some pleasant conversation,|| || "rsi isipuhhui ttima eka, || || or talk-GER-for pleasant any
+! High
+| '''i''' /i/
+|
+| '''u''' /u/
 |-
-||"but I can answer it with you."|| || "wa nikinene kerranye." || || but 1SG.ABS-HAB-respond-DRPAC 2SG-INS
+! Low
+|
+| '''a''' /ä/
+|
 |}