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Af Mexee: Difference between revisions
→Focus Particles
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:::''ín us taghó <b>ahaayti</b>'' "he should have gone" (literally: "it was that he go"). | :::''ín us taghó <b>ahaayti</b>'' "he should have gone" (literally: "it was that he go"). | ||
*''wixi'' is used before a main verb when the object follows the verb, allowing for a SVO word order. It literally means ''the thing''. It places emphasis on the object. | *''wixi'' is used before a main verb when the object follows the verb, allowing for a SVO word order. It literally means ''the thing''. It places emphasis on the object. | ||
:e.g. ''ninki <b>wixi</b> qaathi | :e.g. ''ninki <b>wixi</b> qaathi qálin'' "the man took ''a pen''" (literally: "the thing the man took (was) a pen") | ||
:*The interrogative equivalent of ''wixi'' is ''mixi''. | :*The interrogative equivalent of ''wixi'' is ''mixi''. | ||
::e.g. ''ninki <b>mixi</b> qaathi | ::e.g. ''ninki <b>mixi</b> qaathi qálin?'' "did the man take ''a pen''?" | ||
:*''wixi'' and ''mixi'' can combine to clitic subjects as follows: | :*''wixi'' and ''mixi'' can combine to clitic subjects as follows: | ||
::*''wixi'' + ''an'' → ''waxan'' | ::*''wixi'' + ''an'' → ''waxan'' | ||
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::*''wixi'' + ''isho'' → ''wixisho'' | ::*''wixi'' + ''isho'' → ''wixisho'' | ||
*''yaa'' (not to be confused with the negative particle ''yâa'') put emphasis on a noun (either subject or object). It follows the noun being emphasized. Unlike the negative particle ''yâa'', the following verb is in the indicative. | *''yaa'' (not to be confused with the negative particle ''yâa'') put emphasis on a noun (either subject or object). It follows the noun being emphasized. Unlike the negative particle ''yâa'', the following verb is in the indicative. | ||
:e.g. ''ninki <b>yaa</b> qálinki qaathi''/'' | :e.g. ''ninki <b>yaa</b> qálinki qaathi''/''qálinki ninki <b>yaa</b> qaathi'' "''the man'' took the pen" | ||
:*The interrogative equivalent of ''yaa'' is ''mâ'' - ''yaá'' (i.e. ''yaá'' is kept and the noun is preceded by ''ma''). | :*The interrogative equivalent of ''yaa'' is ''mâ'' - ''yaá'' (i.e. ''yaá'' is kept and the noun is preceded by ''ma''). | ||
::e.g. ''<b>ma</b> | ::e.g. ''<b>ma</b> nínki <b>yaa</b> qálinki qaathi?'' "did ''the man'' take the pen?" (or "did the pen take ''the man''?) | ||
:*''yaa'' can combine to clitic subjects in the same way as ''wâa''. | :*''yaa'' can combine to clitic subjects in the same way as ''wâa''. | ||
*'' | *''aa'' puts emphasis on a noun (more so than ''yaa''). It also follows the noun but puts the following verb into the subjunctive. The noun also remains in the absolutive case even if it is the subject. ''aa'' can again combine to clitic subjects like ''wâa''. | ||
:e.g. ''nínki <b>aa</b> qálinki qaathí''/''qálinki nínki <b> | :e.g. ''nínki <b>aa</b> qálinki qaathí''/''qálinki nínki <b>aa</b> qaathí'' "it was ''the man'' who took the pen" | ||
:*The interrogative equivalent of '' | :*The interrogative equivalent of ''aa'' is ''mâ'' - ''aa''. | ||
::e.g. ''<b>ma</b> nínki <b>aa</b> qálinki qaathí?'' "was it ''the man'' who took the pen?" | ::e.g. ''<b>ma</b> nínki <b>aa</b> qálinki qaathí?'' "was it ''the man'' who took the pen?" | ||
*''wixi'' can be combined with ''âa'' to form ''waxâa'', which is used when the subject follows the verb (allowing for OVS word order). It places emphasis on the subject. | *''wixi'' can be combined with ''âa'' to form ''waxâa'', which is used when the subject follows the verb (allowing for OVS word order). It places emphasis on the subject. | ||