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User:Frrurtu/Sandbox2: Difference between revisions
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==Grammar== | ==Grammar== | ||
===Verbs=== | |||
====Verb forms==== | |||
Old Zoki had several verb forms, each giving a different nuance to the concept expressed in the biliteral or triliteral root. These forms are summarized below. | Old Zoki had several verb forms, each giving a different nuance to the concept expressed in the biliteral or triliteral root. These forms are summarized below. | ||
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| ''kibā'' – he drags to a halt | | ''kibā'' – he drags to a halt | ||
| ''tijāṇa'' – he annoys | | ''tijāṇa'' – he annoys | ||
|} | |||
====Verb inflection==== | |||
The following verb prefixes are reconstructed: | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="3" | | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2" | 1st | |||
!colspan="2" | 2nd | |||
!colspan="2" | 3rd | |||
|- | |||
! Sing. | |||
! Pl. | |||
! Sing. | |||
! Pl. | |||
! Sing. | |||
! Pl. | |||
|- | |||
!Past | |||
| ''*mo-'' | |||
| ''*om-'' | |||
| ''*ap-'' | |||
| ''*am-'' | |||
| ''*bo-'' | |||
| ''*bom-'' | |||
|- | |||
!Present | |||
| ''*na-'' | |||
| ''*nam-'' | |||
| ''*af-'' | |||
| ''*sam-'' | |||
| ''*kha-'' | |||
| ''*khem-'' | |||
|- | |||
!Future | |||
| ''*ne-'' | |||
| ''*mi-'' | |||
| ''*ke-'' | |||
| ''*mīj-'' | |||
| ''*j-'' | |||
| ''*mēj-'' | |||
|} | |||
===Nouns=== | |||
Most nouns were pluralized with ''*-m'' if they ended with a vowel, or ''*-mi'' if they ended with a consonant. A small class of nouns ending in ''*-ey/y'' (historically, a diminutive suffix) were pluralized instead with ''*-mizh''. | |||
The following pronouns are reconstructed: | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="3" | | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2" | 1st | |||
!colspan="2" | 2nd | |||
!colspan="2" | 3rd | |||
|- | |||
! Sing. | |||
! Pl. | |||
! Sing. | |||
! Pl. | |||
! Sing. | |||
! Pl. | |||
|- | |||
! Nominative<br>(emphatic) | |||
| ''*nak'' | |||
| ''*naw'' | |||
| ''*āt'' | |||
| ''*sak'' | |||
| ''*âtū'' | |||
| ''*âk'' | |||
|- | |||
! Accusative | |||
| ''*ni'' | |||
| ''*me'' | |||
| ''*ki'' | |||
| ''*se'' | |||
| ''*yo'' | |||
| ''*goj'' | |||
|- | |||
! Possessive<br>noun prefix | |||
| ''*na-'' | |||
| ''*mi-'' | |||
| ''*ak-'' | |||
| ''*sa-'' | |||
| ''*â-'' | |||
| ''*e-'' | |||
|} | |} | ||