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Mannish: Difference between revisions
Added content under the Orthography section.
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==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Orthography=== | ===Orthography=== | ||
Mannish uses a variant of the Latin Alphabet consisting of the following letters: | |||
''a á b d e é f g h i í j k l m n o ó p r s t þ u ú v w'' | |||
The letters c, q, x, y, and z are only used in a small number of recent loanwords. Most older loanwords have been assimilated into the standard orthographical conventions, with younger ones retaining their native orthography to one degree or another. | |||
For example, ''Jinr Notebook'' "The Notebook" (as in the computer) has yet to be altered due to how recent of a loan it is, while ''Jinr Twalet'' "Toilet" has already been altered due to it being an older loanword from French. | |||
The orthography is largely regular, albeit not completely intuitive to speakers of, say, English. The vowels are fairly straightforward, while the consonants have more ambiguities that are not inherently evident at first glance. | |||
====Vowels==== | |||
The short vowels ''a i e o u'' represent /ɑ i e ɔ u/, respectively, with their longer counterparts ''á í é ó ú'' representing /ɑː iː eː ɔː uː/. Long vowels are always written with the accented graphemes, the only exception being unassimilated loanwords. | |||
Example: ''Jinr Autobahn'' /ˈjinr ˈaʉtɔbɑːn/, a German loanword. | |||
There also exist the digraphs ''au aú ai ói óu'' which represent the diphthongs [aʉ ɔʏ ɐɪ øʏ ɔʉ], respectively. | |||
====Consonants==== | |||
Some consonant graphemes match their IPA counterparts, with the majority either representing completely different phones or having variable pronunciation based on phonological environment. | |||
=====Monographs===== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Graph !! IPA !! Comments | |||
|- | |||
| a || /ɑ/ || | |||
|- | |||
| á || /ɑː/ || | |||
|- | |||
| b || /b/ || | |||
|- | |||
| d || /d/ || | |||
|- | |||
| e|| /e/ || | |||
|- | |||
| é || /eː/ || | |||
|- | |||
| f || /f/ || Realized as [v] between vowels. | |||
|- | |||
| g || /g/ || | |||
|- | |||
| h || /ç/ || Realized as [ʝ] between vowels. | |||
|- | |||
| i || /i/ || | |||
|- | |||
| í || /iː/ || | |||
|- | |||
| j || /j/ || | |||
|- | |||
| k || /k/ || | |||
|- | |||
| l || /l/ || Realized as [ɫ] in onset and [ʉ̯] in coda. | |||
|- | |||
| m || /m/ || Realized as [ɱ] before /f/. | |||
|- | |||
| n || /n/ || Realized as [ɱ], [ŋ], and [ɲ] before /f/, /k g/, and /ç/, respectively. | |||
|- | |||
| o || /ɔ/ || | |||
|- | |||
| ó || /ɔː/ || | |||
|- | |||
| r || /r/ || Realized as [ɻ] in coda. | |||
|- | |||
| s || /s/ || Realized as [z] between vowels. | |||
|- | |||
| t || /t/ || | |||
|- | |||
| þ || /θ/ || Realized as [ð] between vowels. | |||
|- | |||
| u || /u/ || | |||
|- | |||
| ú || /uː/ || | |||
|- | |||
| v || ɰ || Does not occur in coda. | |||
|- | |||
| w || /w/ || Does not occur in coda. | |||
|} | |||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||