User:Ceige/*kel
Grammar
Nouns
Case
- Nominative: Ø
- Accusative: -m
- Genitive: -n
- Partitive: -d (sources of things: movement, actions, ownership)
- Dative: -i (destination of things: movement, actions, ownership)
- Ablative: -či
- Comitative/Instrumental?: -l(ə/a)
- -ka? -kə?
Helper Particles
- Additive particle: -to
Suffixes
- Nominalisation suffix: -ma
- Nominalisation suffix 2: -kV (-kə? -ka?)
- Agent suffix: -čin
- Tool suffix: -lə/-(ə?)r (-rin? -lin?)
Verbs
- Nominalisation suffix: -ma
- Copula: bi
- Continuative: -(ə)mbi
- Past suffix: -ta
Phrases
- Interrogative particle: -ko
Pronouns
| Person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| First person | min | mV (me?) |
| Second person | sin | tV (te?) |
| Third person | nin | nV (ne?) |
| Person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Proximal | ? | ? |
| Distal | ? | ? |
| Over the hill and across the creek | nin | ne |
Wordlist
| Glosses | Word | Proto-Form | Source languages | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| language, tongue | xel | *kele | Proto-Uralic *käle, Mongolian xel < kele < *kelen | cf. Proto-Turkic *Tɨl |
| Glosses | Word | Proto-Form | Source languages | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| camel | tem, tev | *teme | Mongolian temee < *temixen < Turkic *deb- | also tev, teve, teme? |
| horse | mor | *mori | Mongolian mor' < *morin, PIE *márḱos, CN mǎ, JP uma, Ko. mal | also mar, maa? |
| Glosses | Word | Proto-Form | Source languages | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cold | kar / kal | *kara, kal | Turkic *kar, Mongolian *karig "cold, PIE *gel- | |
| earth, ground | yar (yer) | *yar (*yere) | Turkish yer, TochB yare (gravel), PIE *h₁er- | alt. mud, cf. P.Uralic muďa, Medieval Germanic modde/mudde/mud |