Verse:Hmøøh/Society and politics

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Phonology

The phonology was inspired by Southeast Asian languages, and the orthography incorporates my desire to use ß for /s/ and s for something else

Consonants

Bơlơn consonants (Aesthetic Romanization)
Labial Dental Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
Nasal m /m/ n /n/ nh /ɳ/ ng /ŋ/
Plosive tenuis p /p/ t /t/ z /c/ k /k/ ʼ /ʔ/
aspirated ph /pʰ/ th /tʰ/ zh /cʰ/ kh /kʰ/
breathy-voiced b /bʱ/ d /ɗʱ/ ɟ /ɟʱ/ g /gʱ/
Fricative voiceless v /f/ ß /s/ s /ç/ ch /x/ h /h/
voiced y /ð/
Approximant w /β̞/ j /j~ʝ/
Liquid l /l/ r /ʀ/

Geminate /cc(ʰ)/ and /kk(ʰ)/ are tz(h) and ck(h)

Or

(Represents the way Talsmic-speaking scholars were likely to transliterate it)
Labial Dental Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
Nasal m /m/ n /n/ ñ /ɳ/ ng /ŋ/
Plosive tenuis p /p/ t /t/ ŧ /c/ c /k/ ʼ /ʔ/
aspirated pʰ /pʰ/ tʰ /tʰ/ ŧʰ /cʰ/ cʰ /kʰ/
breathy-voiced b /bʱ/ d /ɗʱ/ dŧ /ɟʱ/ g /gʱ/
Fricative voiceless f /f/ th /s/ s /ç/ ch /x/ h /h/
voiced ð /ð/
Approximant v /β̞/ ı /j~ʝ/
Liquid l /l/ ŗ /ʀ/

Vowels

Vowels (Aesthetic 1)
Front Back
unrounded rounded
short long short long short long
Close i /i/ í /iː/ ư /ɯ/ ứ /ɯː/ u /u/ ú /uː/
Close-mid e /e/ é /eː/ ơ /ɤ/ ớ /ɤː/ o /o/ ó /oː/
Open-mid ê /ɛ/ ế /ɛː/ ô /ɔ/ ố /ɔː/
Open a /a/ á /aː/
Vowels (Aesthetic 2)
Front Back
unrounded rounded
short long short long short long
Close i /i/ ih /iː/ ï /ɯ/ ïh /ɯː/ u /u/ uh /uː/
Close-mid e /e/ eh /eː/ ë /ɤ/ ëh /ɤː/ o /o/ oh /oː/
Open-mid ä /ɛ/ äh /ɛː/ å /ɔ/ åh /ɔː/
Open a /a/ ah /aː/


Vowels (Talsmic-eye(or is it ear?)-view transliteration)
Front Back
unrounded rounded
short long short long short long
Close i /i/ í /iː/ y /ɯ/ ý /ɯː/ u /u/ ú /uː/
Close-mid e /e/ é /eː/ ơ /ɤ/ ớ /ɤː/ o /o/ ó /oː/
Open-mid ê /ɛ/ ế /ɛː/ ô /ɔ/ ố /ɔː/
Open a /a/ á /aː/

Diphthongs

Diphthongs often distinguish length.

ai, ei / ái, ếi /aːɪ̯/
ay, ey / ai, êi /aɪ̯/
ao / áu /aːʊ̯/
au / au /aʊ/
aa / áơ /aːɜ̯/
aư / ay /aɯ̯/
eư, êư / ớy /ɤːɯ̯/
ơư / ơy /ɤɯ̯/
ee / éi /eːɪ̯/
ia / ie /iɜ̯/
ie / íe /iːɜ̯/
oo / óu /oːʊ̯/
ua / ua /uɜ̯/
uo / úa /uːɜ̯/
ưa / ya /ɯɜ̯/
ươ / ýa /ɯːɜ̯/

Phonotactics

C[r/l/j/β]VC is the max. syllable structure.

Features

  • Marked absolutive
  • Possessum and possessor are both marked
  • Absolutive, ergative/oblique
  • Spatial tenses/directionality
  • Pluractionality requires the antipassive
  • More prefixing than suffixing
  • Non-reduced relative clauses
  • ??? Polysynthesis ???
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