Proto-Tungric
Proto-Tungric is the hypothetical ancestor of the Tungric languages.
Introduction
Proto-Tungric is the result of taking an Italic base and applying a rough approximation of the PIE to Proto-Germanic sound changes.
The Italic base of Proto-Tungric has the following features:
- Lacks merger of original /θ, xʷ, f/.
- Stress similar to Classical Latin.
- Lacks Classical Latin vowel weakenings.
Phonology
Orthography
Consonants
Vowels
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns
Nouns had three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter.
a-stems
| *akraz m. "field" | *juką n. "yoke" | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *akraz | *akrōz, -ōs, -ai | *juką | *jukō |
| Vocative | *akr | |||
| Accusative | *akrą | *akrōz, -ōs | ||
| Genitive | *akrī, -as | *akrǭ, -aisǭ | *jukī, -as | *jukǭ, -aisǭ |
| Dative | *akrōi | *akraiz, -abiz | *jukōi | *jukaiz, -abiz |
| Instrumental | *akrô | *jukô | ||
ō-stems
| *þauþō f. "people" | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *þauþō | *þauþōz, -ōi |
| Vocative | ||
| Accusative | *þauþǭ | *þauþōnz |
| Genitive | *þauþōz | *þauþōsǭ |
| Dative | *þauþōi | *þauþōiz, -ōbiz |
| Instrumental | *þauþô | |
i-stems
| *minþiz f. "mind" | *mari n. "sea" | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *minþiz | *minþēz | *mari | *marjō |
| Vocative | ||||
| Accusative | *minþį | *minþinz | ||
| Genitive | *minþīz | *minþijǭ | *marīz | *marjǭ |
| Dative | *minþī | *minþibiz | *marī | *maribiz |
| Instrumental | *minþî | *marî | ||
Note: The differences in endings in cases besides the nominative, vocative, and accusative is due to Siever's law, which also applies in the neuter nominative-vocative-accusative plural (which becomes -ijō after a heavy stem).