| Sošví |
|---|
| lesán sošví |
| Created by | – |
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| Native speakers | 393,000 (2013) |
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| |
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- Southeast Europe, Slavic infleunce
- more cases than in Proto-Semitic; the extra cases are from suffixing of person-marked prepositions.
- generalizes the nisba suffix *-ī/*-iyy to all adjectives
- No, I'm NOT changing *ū to *y.
- Non-emphatic counterparts of emphatic consonants are palatalized. (except *þʼ merges with *ð, *w into *v, and *þ > *t)
Nouns
| Masculine noun: bjać 'house'
|
| Case |
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| nominative
|
bjać |
bjaća |
bjaću
|
| genitive
|
bjaći |
bjaće |
bjaći
|
| dative
|
bjaćlu |
bjaćeloma |
bjaćilúm
|
| accusative
|
bjać |
bjaća |
bjaću
|
| ins./loc.
|
bjaćbi |
bjaćebema |
bjaćibím
|
| Feminine noun: sura 'performance; ceremony'
|
| Case |
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| nominative
|
sura |
surća |
suráć
|
| genitive
|
surći |
surće |
suraći
|
| dative
|
surotla |
surćeloma |
suraćilín
|
| accusative
|
sura |
surća |
suráć
|
| ins./loc.
|
surotba |
surćebema |
suraćibín
|
Pronouns
| Personal pronouns
|
| Case |
First person
|
| Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| Nominative
|
na |
nan
|
| Genitive
|
meni |
menna
|
| Dative
|
li |
lona
|
| Accusative
|
nani, ni |
nanna
|
| Ins./Loc.
|
bi |
bna
|
| Personal pronouns, cont.
|
| Case |
Second person |
Third person
|
| Singular |
Dual |
Plural |
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| masculine |
feminine |
masculine |
feminine |
masculine |
feminine |
masculine |
feminine
|
| Nominative
|
ąt |
ąć |
ątma |
ątmu |
ątna |
hú |
hí |
homa |
homu |
hen
|
| Genitive
|
męk |
męč |
mękma |
mękmu |
męčna |
men |
mená |
menoma |
menomu |
menen
|
| Dative
|
lók |
lóč |
lókma |
lókmu |
lóčna |
lu |
lá |
luma |
lumu |
lín
|
| Accusative
|
ątok, tok |
ąćeč, ćeč |
ątokma, tokma |
ątokmu, tokmu |
ąćečna, ćečna |
henu |
hená |
henoma |
henomu |
henen
|
| Ins./Loc.
|
bík |
bíč |
bekma |
bekmu |
bečna |
bí |
bá |
bíma |
bímu |
bín
|
Verbs
The lemma form of verbs is the aorist 3rd person masculine.
| kotol 'he killed'
|
| Infinitive/Verbal noun
|
| kotlíć
|
| Present
|
|
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| 1
|
oktol |
nektol
|
| 2.m
|
toktol
|
ćektlán |
ćektlún
|
| 2.f
|
toktlín |
ćektlon
|
| 3.m
|
joktol
|
jektlán |
jektlún
|
| 3.f
|
joktlín |
jektlon
|
| Imperfect
|
|
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| 1
|
|
|
| 2.m
|
|
|
|
| 2.f
|
|
|
|
| 3.m
|
|
|
|
| 3.f
|
|
|
|
| Aorist
|
|
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| 1
|
kotlok |
kotolna
|
| 2.m
|
kotlot
|
kotoltma |
kotoltmu
|
| 2.f
|
kotleć |
kotoltna
|
| 3.m
|
kotol
|
kotla |
kotlu
|
| 3.f
|
kotla |
kotlon
|
| Future I
|
|
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| 1
|
rci oktol |
rci nektol
|
| 2.m
|
rci toktol
|
rci ćektla |
rci ćektlu
|
| 2.f
|
rci toktli |
rci ćektlon
|
| 3.m
|
rci joktol
|
rci jektla |
rci jektlu
|
| 3.f
|
rci joktli |
rci jektlon
|
| Future II
|
|
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| 1
|
očún katel/katla |
nečún katla/katlu/katláć
|
| 2.m
|
točún katel
|
ćečunán katla |
ćečunún katlu
|
| 2.f
|
točunín katla |
ćečunon katláć
|
| 3.m
|
jočún katel
|
ječunán katla |
ječunún katlu
|
| 3.f
|
jočunín katla |
ječunon katláć
|
| Pluperfect
|
|
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| 1
|
čąk katel/katla |
čanna katla/katlu/katláć
|
| 2.m
|
čąt katel
|
čątma katla |
čątmu katlu
|
| 2.f
|
čąć katla |
čątna katláć
|
| 3.m
|
čán katel
|
čana katla |
čanu katlu
|
| 3.f
|
čána katla |
čanon katláć
|