Flewtish
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| Flewtish | |
|---|---|
| Flũtwa / Флӯтѡа | |
| Pronunciation | [ˈɸluːtwa] |
| Created by | Aggelos Tselios |
| Date | 2023 |
| Native to | Russia, Finland |
| Native speakers | approx. 1 million (2023) |
Language Isolate
| |
| Official status | |
Official language in | Karelian Republic |
| Regulated by | Institutgog Standardzabiroden Flutvadene Glung (Institute of Standardization of the Flewtish Language) |
Flewtish (endonym: Флӯтѡа [ˈɸluːtwa] or Флӯтѡас глӯн [ˈɸluːtwas ɡluːŋ]) is a language spoken by the majority of the population in much of Northwest Russia and the Karelia region. Flewtish is a language isolate, meaning it does not genetically relate to any other known language on the planet.
Flewtish is typologically agglutinative, using almost exclusively suffixal affixation to indicate number, tense, person and case. Flewtish is partially a null-subject language, depending on whether the subject can be implicitly indicated with certainty or not. Due to the sprachbund effect, Flewtish is an SVO language, but more archaic dialects are actually SOV ones. It is a biscriptal language, using both the Latin and Cyrillic scripts to be written. An important aspect of the language is differentiating between labialized and non-labialized consonants (Referred in Flewtish as "rounded" and "unrounded") see eg. [ˈkʷáɣ.ok] "Warmth" and [ˈkáɣ.ok] "Deer".
While standardized, the language spans over a massive geographical area and as a result, forms a dialect continuum with the most extreme corners (from east Finland to w:Ukhta being completely unintelligible to each other. One example could be the simple sentence "My favorite pets are cats". Following are the two examples in the dialects spoken in Ukhta and Arkhangelsk respectively:
- Мўлъ гԝoшў чунне мау (Favorite-NOM me-CAU pet-PL cat)
- Ӻакныгԝoдон цўнъук мауну (Favorite-me-GEN pet-PL cat-PL)
Etymology and history
Flũtṽa is an evolution of Proto-Flewtish *ɸlydʰa, meaning "Blooming" or "Saturated". The reason for this name is that the regions that Flewtish speakers settled were far more greener and developed than their previous homeland. Flewtish is possibly a Paleo-siberian language that through migration reached it's current territory. This can be further supported by similarities with the Yeniseian languages, like having a pitch accent, vowel harmony and vowel length distinction. The most likely origin of the language is near the modern-day city of Bratsk in Russia.
Flewtish, from it's early years, was influenced by Mongolic, Turkic and later Indo-European and Uralic languages. The most obvious example would be the large amount of Finnic loanwords into Flewtish (eg. Кӣлъиту "to converse") but even titles from the Flewtish Kingdom such as "Gǎngÿán /ʔgâŋʸán/" (Leader, possibly related to Khagan), "Tãngṽrǐ /ʔtæ̃ŋʷɾiː/" (Same origin as Tengri) and "Tãěrṽágn /ʔtæ̃ɾ.wáŋ/" (Local ruler, related to Tarkhan). On the Indo-European side, the word "цӧѡўӻўг /ˈt͡sø.wy.ɣyg/" (Sheep) is probably borrowed from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂ówis and the word "гамнегъ" (milking, from PIE *h₂melǵ-).
Orthography
Flewtish is officially written with the Cyrillic script as law enforces it in Russia. However, up until the Soviet Union's dissolution in 1991, the language was actually written with the Latin script, which was brought over by Viking sailors around the 8th century. The Latin script is used mostly online and education is done almost exclusively in the Cyrillic-based alphabet instead.
| Cyrillic Script for Flewtish | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Аа /a/ | Бб /b/ | Вв /v/ | Гг /g/ | Ғғ /ɣ/ | Дд /d/ | Ðð /ð/ | Ее /e/ | Зз /z/ | Ии /i/ | Ыы /ɨ/ | Ўў /y/ | Кк /k/ | Лл /l/ | Мм /m/ | Нн /n/ | Оо /o/ | Пп /p/ | Рр /ʁ/ | Тт /t/ | Сс /s/ | Уу /u/ | Фф /ɸ/ | Ъъ (ʷ) | Хх /ç/ | Цц /t͡s/ | Чч /t͡ʃ/ | Шш /ʃ/ | Ѡѡ /w/ |
| Latin Script for Flewtish | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aa /a/ | Bb /b/ | Cc /t͡s/ | Dd /d/ | Đð /ð/ | Ee /e/ | Ff /ɸ/ | Gg /g/ | Hh /ç/ | Ii /i/ | Yy /ɨ/ | Jj /ɣ/ | Kk /k/ | Ll /l/ | Mm /m/ | Nn /n/ | Oo /o/ | Pp /p/ | Rr /ʁ/ | Ss /s/ | Tt /t/ | Uu /u/ | Üü /y/ | Vv /v/ | Ww /w/ | Xx /ʒ/ | Zz /z/ |
In the beginning of words, 'c' will make the /k/ sound instead.
The letters correspond always to their pronunciation. The orthography is considered a phonetic, as opposed to deep orthographies like French's.
Grammar
Pronouns
Flewtish contains the usual three pronouns, with a distinction on the third person pronouns for female and male. Flewtish does not use standalone pronouns often, resorting instead to suffixes on the root verb.
| English | Flewtish |
|---|---|
| I | Гѡо |
| You | Жи |
| He/she/it | То/Шо/Ў |
| We | Гѡоне |
| You (pl.) | Жине |
| They | Увок |
Cases
Flewtish has 10 cases, most of which correspond to English prepositions. Far northern dialect contain an additional two.
| Case | Affix | Example | English Approximation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | (None) | Dõmma | House | - |
| Genitive | -den | Dõmmaden | Of the house | - |
| Accusative | -n | Dõmman | The house | The accusative is formed when an action is done upon the object. |
| Vocative | -e | (Ē) Dõmmae | (Hey) house! | Dialectal only, conflicts with suffix -e (Similar to English 'the') |
| Adessive | -pṽo | Dõmmapwo | At the house | Dialectal only, usually fused with the inessive |
| Inessive | -seg | Dõmmaseg | In the house | Also exists as e-root-sek |
| Ablative | -sce | Dõmmasce | From the house | - |
| Essive | -l | Ēne Dõmmal | As a house | Rare, now usually the Russian borrowing 'как' is used. |
| Translative | -sej | Dõmmasej | (Transformed) into a house | |
| Instrumental | -om | Dõmmaom | With a house | If it conflicts with the accusative, then it becomes -on |
| Causal-Final | -scü | Dommascü | For the house | - |
| Negation | -n + -nde | Gende ndommande | Not a house | Not a case exactly, also mostly dialectal by now. |
Basic Vocabulary
Numbers
| Number | English | Flewtish |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Zero | Нўл |
| 1 | One | Fál/Фал |
| 2 | Two | Āy/Ааы |
| 3 | Three | Děgn/Денг |
| 4 | Four | Sãx/Саж |
| 5 | Five | Ðōgn/Ðōнг |
| 6 | Six | Gáwo/Гаѡо |
| 7 | Seven | Evé/Еве |
| 8 | Eight | Xü/Жў |
| 9 | Nine | Nãkk/На̄кк |
| 10 | Ten | Cárposct/Къарпошт |
Conversation
| English | Flewtish | IPA |
|---|---|---|
| Yes | Ген | [ɡɛn] |
| No | Генде | [ˈɡɛn.dɛ] |
| Hello! | Еӻ жива̄! | [έɣ ʒiβἇː] |
| Good morning! | Ӻуг харѡаг! | [ɣuːɡ ˈçaʁwaɡ] |
| Good night! | Ӻуг микѡуг! | [ɣuːɡ ˈmikwuɡ] |
| Have a nice day! | Ка̄рѡазу ӻуг цо̄ӻет! | [kaːʁ.wazu ɣuːɡ t͡soːɣɛt] |
| Goodbye! | Нъикѡогъ | [ˈnʷikwoɡʷ] |
| Thank you! | Шпре̄нъвугъ | [ʃpʁɛːnʷ.βyɡʷ] |
| Who? | Ӣва? | [iː.va/] |
| What? | Жар? | [ʒaʁ] |
| When? | Енѡо? | [ˈenwo] |
| Where? | Гѡа? | [ɡwa] |
| How? | Ѡерцог? | [wɐʁt͡soɡ] |
| Why | Пе̄ккет? | [peːket] |
| Again | Вӯӻъ | [vuːʝʷ] |
| What is your name? | Жар ѡа̄рпагзу? | [ʒaʁ waːʁpaɡzu] |
| My name is... | Ԝа̄рпагѡо ... | [ˈwaː.ʁpaˌɡwo] |
| Do you speak English? | Киллиту Англсег? | [ˈkiɫitu ˈangl.seg] |
| I do not understand Flewtish. | Генде ситалъгѡо Флӯтѡас глунг. | [ˈgɛn.dɐ ˈsi.taˌlʷo ˈɸluːtwas gluŋ] |
| Help me! | Памагъитегѡо! | [pa.ma.ˈgʷɪ.tɐˌgwo] |
| How much is it? | Ѡерга̄рѡазўме? | [wɐʁɡaːʁwa.ˈzy.me] |
| Where are you from? | Гѡа жи шын? | [gwa ʒi ʃɨn] |
Sample text
Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
English: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
Flewtish (Cyrillic): Ко ѡижене ӻенваца̄ктуне свабодане е ӻўфишине сансег е праѡане. Одарендутӯ кеѡогом е соѡешом, е жецентуне фалсегфал ѡенцисег заккарамтун.
Flewtish (IPA): [ko ˈwi.ʒɛne ˈɣɛnʙʷaˌt͡saːktu zvaˈbodaek e ˈɣyɸiʃʷiˌek ˈsan.seg e ˈpʁa.wa.seg ‖ ˈodarenduˌtuː ˈkewogom e ˈsoweʃom e ˈʒet͡sentu ˈfalsegˌfal ˈwent͡siseg zakaʁamtun]