Phonology
Orthography
| IPA
|
b
|
bʰ
|
ʈ
|
ʈʰ
|
ɖ
|
ɖʰ
|
k
|
s
|
ʂ
|
ʐ
|
ç
|
x
|
l
|
ɬ
|
ʍ
|
w
|
ɾ
|
| Script
|
| Off. roman.
|
| Roman.
|
There are two romanizations, "off. Roman." is the Official romanization, the second romanization is the one most often used as it's ASCII compliant.
Consonants
|
|
Bilabial
|
Alveolar
|
Retroflex
|
Palatal
|
Labio-
Velar
|
Velar
|
| Stop
|
p, pʰ
|
b, bʰ
|
|
ʈ, ʈʰ
|
ɖ, ɖʰ
|
|
|
|
k
|
| Fricative
|
|
|
s, ɬ
|
ʂ
|
ʐ
|
ç
|
|
|
x
|
| Approximant
|
|
|
l
|
|
|
j
|
ʍ
|
w
|
|
| Flap
|
|
|
ɾ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vowels
|
|
Front
|
Central
|
Back
|
| Close
|
y
|
ɨ
|
u
|
| Mid
|
ɛ
|
ɜ
|
o̞
|
| Open
|
ä
|
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns
Consonant stems
|
|
Nominative
|
Accusative
|
Genitive
|
Ablative
|
Dative
|
| Singular
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Dual
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Plural
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Great Plural
|
|
|
|
|
|
Verbs
| Infinitive
|
Past
|
|
| Present
|
|
| Future
|
|
|
|
Indicative
|
Imperative
|
Conditional
|
Potential
|
Presumptive
|
Inferential
|
Subjunctive?
|
Optative?
|
| Past
|
1st
|
Singular
|
| Dual
|
| Plural
|
| Great Plural
|
| 2nd
|
Singular
|
| Dual
|
| Plural
|
| Great Plural
|
| 3rd
|
Singular
|
| Dual
|
| Plural
|
| Great Plural
|
| Present
|
1st
|
Singular
|
| Dual
|
| Plural
|
| Great Plural
|
| 2nd
|
Singular
|
| Dual
|
| Plural
|
| Great Plural
|
| 3rd
|
Singular
|
| Dual
|
| Plural
|
| Great Plural
|
| Future
|
1st
|
Singular
|
| Dual
|
| Plural
|
| Great Plural
|
| 2nd
|
Singular
|
| Dual
|
| Plural
|
| Great Plural
|
| 3rd
|
Singular
|
| Dual
|
| Plural
|
| Great Plural
|
| Participle
|
Past
|
| Present
|
| Future
|
| Affixes
|
| Perfect
|
|
| Negative
|
|
| Active
|
|
| Passive
|
|
Adjectives and Determiners
Adverbs
Numbers
Syntax
Constituent order
Noun phrase
Verb phrase
Sentence phrase
Dependent clauses
Example texts
Other resources
