Tigal is a West Talmic language inspired by Irish consonant mutations and German umlaut.
1: cēm > ciamh
2: tithōr > tüthar
3: narge > nerg-L
4: dhaufe > dő-L
5: salir > selar
6: stām > stámh
7: rōde > rüadh-L
8: lorethe > lörath-L
9: farve > erbh-L
10: ħiōr > iar
Phonology
Consonants
|
Labial |
Dental |
Lateral |
Velar |
Uvular |
Glottal
|
| Nasal
|
m /m/ |
n /n/ |
|
ŋ /ŋ/ |
|
|
| Stop/Affricate
|
tenuis
|
b /p/ |
d /t/ |
|
g /k/ |
|
|
| aspirated
|
p /pʰ/ |
t /tʰ/ |
|
c /kʰ/ |
|
|
| Fricative
|
voiceless
|
f, ph /f/ |
s /s/ |
th /ɬ/ |
ch /x/ |
|
sh /h/
|
| voiced
|
bh /v/ |
z /z/ |
dh /ɮ/ |
|
r /ʁ~ʀ/ |
|
| Approximant
|
|
|
l /l/ |
mh /w/ |
|
|
Consonants:
m n ŋ <m n ŋ>
p t k <b d g>
pʰ tʰ kʰ <p t c>
f s ɬ x h <f s - - ->
v z ɮ <- z ->
w l ʀ~ʁ <- l r>
Mutations:
Consonant mutations and alternations
| Grapheme
|
m |
p |
b |
f |
n |
t |
d |
s |
z |
l |
ŋ |
c |
g |
r
|
| IPA
|
/m/ |
/p/ |
/b/ |
/f/ |
/n/ |
/t/ |
/d/ |
/s/ |
/z/ |
/l/ |
/ŋ/ |
/k/ |
/ɡ/ |
/ʀ/
|
| Lenited
|
mh |
ph |
bh |
fh |
- |
th |
dh |
sh |
zh |
- |
- |
ch |
gh |
-
|
| IPA
|
/w/ |
/f/ |
/v/
|
/0/
|
-
|
/ɬ/ |
/ɮ/ |
/h/ |
silent
|
-
|
- |
/x/ |
silent
|
-
|
| Eclipsed
|
- |
bp |
mb |
bhf |
- |
dt |
nd |
zs |
- |
- |
- |
gc |
ng |
-
|
| IPA
|
- |
/b/ |
/m/ |
/v/
|
- |
/d/ |
/n/ |
/z/
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
/g/ |
/ŋ/ |
-
|
Vowels
Tigal vowels
|
|
Front
|
Central
|
Back
|
| unrounded
|
rounded
|
| short
|
long
|
short
|
long
|
short
|
long
|
short
|
long
|
| Close
|
i /ɪ/
|
í /iː/
|
ü /ʏ/
|
ű /yː/
|
|
|
u /ʊ/
|
ú /uː/
|
| Mid
|
e /ɛ/
|
é /eː/
|
ö /œ/
|
ő /øː/
|
a /ə/
|
|
o /ɔ/
|
ó /oː/
|
| Open
|
|
|
|
|
a /a/
|
á /aː/
|
|
|
Diphthongs:
ia üa ua /iə yə uə/