User:IlL/Sketchbook
Uncanny valley Korean
Consonants: /m n ŋ bʰ dʰ dzʰ gʰ p t ts k f s fʰ sʰ h w j r ʔ/
Postvocalic /ʔ/ may be realized as creaky voice.
Vowels: /i ɨ u e ə o ɛ ɔ æ a/
Uncanny valley Tigall
Consonants
m n ɳ ŋ ɴʷˁ b d dɮ ɖ ɖɮ˞ ɡ ɢʷˁ ʔ pʰ tʰ tꞎʰ ʈʰ ʈꞎʰ kʰ qʷˁʰ pʼ tʼ tɬʼ ʈʼ ʈꞎʼ kʼ qʷˁ’ f s ʂ ɬ ꞎ x χʷˁ h v z ʐ ɮ ɮ˞ ɣ w ɭ j ʁʷˁ
/ə/ followed by /m n ɳ ŋ ɭ/ are pronounced as syllabic consonants (similar to Tigall): [m̩ n̩ ɳ̩ ŋ̍ ɭ̩]
Vowels
/i ʊ e ə ɐ ĩ ʊ̃ ẽ ə̃ ɐ̃/
Tones
High and low.
Phonotactics
Only V, CV, CVC allowed. Allowed syllable-final consonants: m n ɳ ŋ b d dɮ ɖ ɖɮʵ ɡ ʔ pʼ tʼ tɬʼ ʈʼ ʈɬʵʼ kʼ qʷˁ’ f s ʂ ɬ ɬʵ x w ɭ j
"Lovecraftian/LW" microtonality
- reaction to natural forces/New Atheist gods... with microtonality!
- Maybe this is the equivalent of Baroque music in Tigall culture, who knows?
Proto-Eomujic
- ä, a, e, o
- eu, i <- syllabic resonants
- p t k p’ t’ k’ b d g
- s z ts ts’ ʂ ʐ ʈʂ ʈʂ’
- m n ŋ r l ʀ w j h
Old druglang sketch
Consonants
Labial | Coronal | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ŋ /ŋ/ | |||
Plosive | unaspirated | b /p/ | d /t/ | j /tɕ/ | g /k/ | |
aspirated | p /pʰ/ | t /tʰ/ | ch /tɕʰ/ | k /kʰ/ | ||
Fricative | f /f/ | s /s/ | sh /ɕ/ | kh /x/ | h /h/ | |
Approximant | w /w~v/ | l /l/ | y /j/ |
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i /i/ | u /u/ | |
Mid | e /e/ | ə /ø~ə~ɤ/ | o /o/ |
Open | a /a/ |
Diphthongs: ai ao /ai au/
Phonotactics
Consonant clusters are disallowed, except medial geminates and -NC- sequences. Only -ng can come in word-final position.
For Wiebian
- Determiner endings:
- CW -er < PW -ēr, -eru, -ero, -era
- CW -es < PW -es, -aʒ
- CW -e < PW -ā, -a, -u, -e. -i, -ī ...
- CW -en < PW -en, -um, -on, -un, -ūn, -ōno, -an, ...
- CW -em < PW -mu, -mēs
- CW -0 < PW -0, -o?
- Final t sound changes:
- short vowel + t > short vowel + glottal stop
- short vowel + fricative + t > short vowel + t
- long vowel + t stays put
Maybe
-er
PPf -zō > -er 'n indef nom pl'
PPf -az > -er 'm def nom pl'
PPf -zōi > -er 'm indef acc pl'
PPf -aiz > -er 'f def acc pl'
PPf -zô > -er 'f indef gen pl'
PPf -ōz > -er 'n def gen pl'
-es
-e
-en
-em
-0
PPf -ą > -0 'n indef nom sg'
PPf -s > -0 'm def nom sg'
PPf -0 > -0 'm indef acc sg'
PPf -az > -0 'f def acc sg'
PPf -0 > -0 'f indef gen sg'
PPf -s > -0 'n def gen sg'
Brezel
Brezel is meant to be German gibberish with retroflex consonants (namely ṇ ḷ ṭ ḍ ß̣ ẓ /ɳ ɭ ʈ ɖ ʂ tʂ/).
- Noun classes in German gibby suffixes
- Should have German place name gibby words, Greco-Latin gibby words and French gibby words
- Honorifics and politeness marked on verbs
- be-an-? or an-zu-?
Suffixes: -st, -t, -te-, -m, -e, -n, -lich, -lein, -ling, -el, -er, -isch, -ig, -schaft, -heit/-keit, -chen, -bar, -ung, -nis, -erei, -sam, -voll, -haft, -ion, -ant/-ent, -anz/-enz, -tur
Stressed prefixes: ab-, (her/hin)an-, (her/hin)auf-, (her/hin)aus-, (her/hin)ein-, bei-, dar-, durch-, fort-, hin-, her-, los-, miss-, mit-, nach-, un-, ur-, vor-, weg-, zu-
Unstressed prefixes: be-, ent-, er-, ge-, ver-, zer-, zu-
der = and
Gleb phonologies
SEA-esque
m̥ m n̻̥ n̻ ɲ̥ ɲ mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ nɗ̱̰ nd͡ʒ pʰ p b ɓ̰ tʰ̻ t̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡s̻ ɗ̱̰ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k ɸ β s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ x h l̻ j w
i iː ɨ ɨː u uː e eː ɘ ɘː o oː ɛ ɛː ɜ ɜː ɔ ɔː a aː
Indic-esque
m̥ m n̥ n ɳ̥ ɳ ɲ̥ ɲ pʰ p b tʰ t d ʈʰ ʈ ɖ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k g ʔ f v s z ʂ ʐ ʃ ʒ x ɣ h r ɽ j i u ɪ ʊ ɑ
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a non-palatal consonant other than a postalveolar consonant or one of /d g z ɣ/; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n pʰ p b tʰ t kʰ k ʔ f v s x h r/
Pseudo-Polynesian
m n̻ p b t̻ d̻ k g l̻ j w i u ɪ ʊ e o ɛ ɔ a
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Gleb seed 1516956979
Liquidless pseudo-French
m n̻ ṉ p b t̻ d̻ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g f v s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ h w i y u ɛ ɛ̃ œ œ̃ ɔ ɔ̃ a ã
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant
Gleb seed 1601724777
A nice one
m n̻ nʲ̻ tʰ̻ t̻ kʰ k kʷ f s̻ l̻ i iː u uː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː a aː ã ãː
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant other than /nʲ̻/
Gleb seed 1364524938
vaguely Cagasa
consonants:
m n mb nd ndz ŋg p b t d ts dz k g mv nz f v s z h r w
vowels:
a e i o u
syllable structure: (C)V
Gleb seed 1390372573
Liquidless phonology
m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ mpʰ mb ntʰ nd ŋkʰ pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k ʔ f s x
a e ɛ i o ɔ u
(C)V(N)
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
N: a nasal; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ/
Gleb seed 1408165181
Kxǂ’auǁʼein
Kxǂ’auǁʼein /ˈkxǂ’aʊ̯ǁʼaɪ̯n/
Ahahahaha
Detective: Do you speak another language?
Suspect: Well, some Terg, of course. And Neck Thai and...
Detective: No, no, another. Like a Kuderauan language. Because I noticed you have a slight rhotic vowel.
Suspect: Very good, detective. My father was in the foreign service in Clofabinositin."
Hiberno-Clofabic
- ustekinumab > *ustichinumha > űtchünmha 'hello'
- flovir > flór > ló 'not, no'
- /sporavir endin, flo:r sporaksakine endin/ > /foraind, hlo:r foraxsaxnend/ > foraid, ló·fráchned 'I eat, I eat not'
- /sporavir valin, flo:r sporaksakine valin/ > /forail, hlo:r foraxsaxneal/ > forail, ló·fráchnel 'thou eatest, thou eatest not'
"Final Countdown"
A Quame language (base 16):
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 = shmone, sheva, shesh, khamesh, arba, shalosh, shtayim, achat, efes
9, 10 = minus achat, minus shtayim...
16 = iktzaf
32 = dilsha
Uupek
{ng, hng, k, g, x, gh, kʰ, gʰ, ngʰ, k’, kx', ˀg} x {prev, postv, phard uv} x {plain, lab'd} = 72
{ng, hng, k, g, x, gh, kʰ, gʰ, ngʰ, k’, kx', ˀg} x {velar, uvular} x {plain, r-colored} = 48
then, uvular trills!
{ʀ, ʀh} x {plain, lab'd} x {plain, r-colored} = 8
128 in total
{ʀ, ʀh} x {plain, lab'd} x {plain, r-colored. phar'd} = 12
now pharyngeals and glottals
is ʀˁ possible?
that might actually be an epiglottal
i just wanted to get a 12
8 should be fine
it doesn't have to be a round number
{ħ, ʕ, ʔ, ʔˁ, ʜ, ʡ, h, ɦ} x {plain, lab} = 16
should i have glottal affricates? (ʔʰ)
{ħ, ʕ, ʔ, ʔˁ, ʜ, ʡ, h, ɦ, ʔʰ, ʔʰˁ, ʡʰ, ʡ’} x {plain, lab} = 16
24 sorry
108_12
108
is it supposed to be mp3?
R, Rr, Rc.mp3
it does sound like what i'd expect
that last one is sort of a fricated uvular trill
like a uvular ř
that means i'll include them
110z sounds! (z=dozenal)
now, coronals
dental, alveolar, postalveolar, retroflex, (apicovelar?), palatalized dental, pal'd alveolar, phar'd dental, phar'd alveolar, phar'd retroflex -> 9 POA's and we have many more MOA's
{n, hn, t, d, tʰ/tþ, dʰ/dð, þ, ð, tɬ, dɮ, ɬ, ɮ, nl, hnl, nʰ, nlʰ, t’, tɬ’, tþ’, ˀd, ˀdɮ, ˀdð} = 22 MOA's
or 1Az
9*1A = 146z coronals
+ 110z dorsals = 256z so far
we can add more MOA's
{l, flap, lateral flap} * 9 = 23z more consonants
279z consonants
then, trills!
{r, rh, ř, řh} * {alveolar, phar'd alv, postalv, phar'd retroflex} = 14z
291z consonants
actually sorry
{n, hn, t, d, tʰ/tþ, dʰ/dð, þ, ð, tɬ, dɮ, ɬ, ɮ, nl, hnl, nʰ, nlʰ, t’, tɬ’, tþ’, ˀd, ˀdɮ, ˀdð} * 9 POA's * {plain, labialized} = 9*1A*2 = 290z consonants
290z coronals + 14z trills + 110z dorsals = 3B4z in total
i could have more approximants
just 8 more to get to 400z
i'll propose ɰ̠ ɰ̟ ɰ̟ˤ ɰ̠͡ɻ ɰ̟͡ɻ ɰ̟ˤ͡ɻ ɰ̠ʷ ɰ̟ʷ ɰ̟ˤʷ ɰ̠͡ɻʷ ɰ̟͡ɻʷ ɰ̟ˤ͡ɻʷ
that's 10z though so we have 404z consonants
now, clicks!
{dental, alveolar, fricated alveolar, retroflex, fricated retroflex, alveolar lateral, retroflex lateral, palatal} x {!, g!, !h, g!h, n!, n!h, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar, uvular} x {normal, labialized} = 8x8x2x2 = 194z clicks
affricated clicks:
{dental, alveolar, fricated alveolar, retroflex, fricated retroflex, alveolar lateral, retroflex lateral, palatal} x {!, g!, n!, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar affricate, uvular affricate} x {normal, labialized} = 8x5x2x2 = 44z
that's 218z clicks
we have 620z consonants and no labials!
time to add labials
there can be four degrees of labialization: normal, lip rounding, simultaneous labial, the two previous ones together
that doubles the clicks to 434z
plus labial clicks:
{labial, labiodental} x {!, g!, !h, g!h, n!, n!h, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar, uvular} x {normal, labialized} = 2x8x2x2 = 54z
{labial, labiodental} x {!, g!, n!, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar affricate, uvular affricate} x {normal, labialized} = 2x5x2x2 = 34z that's 88z
sorry
{dental, alveolar, fricated alveolar, retroflex, fricated retroflex, alveolar lateral, retroflex lateral, palatal} x {!, g!, !h, g!h, n!, n!h, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar, uvular} x {normal, rounded, simultaneous labial, sim.labial+rounded} = 8x8x2x4 = 368z clicks
affricated clicks:
{dental, alveolar, fricated alveolar, retroflex, fricated retroflex, alveolar lateral, retroflex lateral, palatal} x {!, g!, n!, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar affricate, uvular affricate} x {normal, rounded, simultaneous labial, sim.labial+rounded} = 8x5x2x4 = 228z
plus labial clicks:
{labial, labiodental} x {!, g!, !h, g!h, n!, n!h, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar, uvular} x {normal, labialized} = 2x8x2x2 = 54z
{labial, labiodental} x {!, g!, n!, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar affricate, uvular affricate} x {normal, labialized} = 2x5x2x2 = 34z that's 88z
368+228+88 = 368+2B4 = 660z clicks
660z + 404z = A64z consonants
158z left
linguolabials!
{n, hn, t, d, tʰ/tþ, dʰ/dð, þ, ð, tɬ, dɮ, ɬ, ɮ, nl, hnl, nʰ, nlʰ, t’, tɬ’, tþ’, ˀd, ˀdɮ, ˀdð} = 1A MOA's in linguolabial -> 1Az consonants
that's A82z in total
Linguolabial clicks:
{linguolabial} x {!, g!, !h, g!h, n!, n!h, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar, uvular} x {normal} = 8x2 = 14z
{linguolabial} x {!, g!, n!, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar affricate, uvular affricate} x {normal} = 5x2 = Az that's 22z
A82+22 = AA4z in total (118z left)
labials!
{m, hm, p, b, ɸ, β, pʰ, bʰ, mʰ, p’, pɸ', ˀb} x {normal, labial} x {normal, palatal, pharyngeal, k̠p, k̟p, qpˁ} = 100z consonants
so we have BA4z consonants
18z more to go!
ʋ ʋʲ ʋˤ ʋʷ ʋʷʲ ʋʷˤ ʙ ʙʲ ʙˤ ʙ̥ ʙ̥ʲ ʙ̥ˤ: 8 more to go
these can be alveolar nonsibilant fricatives
θ̠ θ̠ʷ θ̠ʲ θ̠ʷʲ ð̠ ð̠ʷ ð̠ʲ ð̠ʷʲ
we're done!
1000z consonants
"Uupek"
there are technically gaps in the chart (e.g. no retroflex nonsibilant fricatives) as well as unused combinations (nasalized fricatives ...)
but i'd prefer to stop it at 1000z
vowels: a i u a: i: u:
Alternate PPfK
m n ŋ ŋʷ ɴ ɴʷ
m’ n’ ŋ’ ŋʷ’ ɴ’ ɴʷ’
p t ts tɬ k kʷ q qʷ ʔ
p’ t’ ts’ tɬ’ k’ kʷ’ q’ qʷ’
s ɬ x xʷ χ χʷ h
s’ ɬ’ x’ xʷ’ χ’ χʷ’
l r w j
l’ r’ w’ j’
a i u ə ā ī ū
Yan tan tethara
- txīmo, sīmo, noxxū, xoxxū, tzouo, chauo, raxxū, uaya, paxxū, chaya?
- txīmo, txixxū, noxxū, xoxxū, tzoxxū, chauo, raxxū, yaxxū, paxxū, chaya?
Poshic
- b d ʒ λ ǯ g (like Korean ㄱ)
- p t c ƛ č k (like Korean ㅋ)
- tt cc ƛƛ čč kk (like Korean ㄲ)
- s ł š h
- r w y
- i ue u
- e oe eo o
- ae a
Unknown Quame branch
Consonants:
p t ts tɬ tʃ k q ʔ
b~v d~ð dz~z dʒ~ʒ g~ɣ
f s ɬ ʃ h
m n w l r j
- kʷēma > teyma
- tiłōr > šiłoyr
- nazgē > nadzgey > nagdzey
- λaup'ē > džaupey
- caliłē > tšaliłey
- stāma > šayma
- rōdē > roydey
- lozedē > lozedey
- pʼazgʷē > padzgey > pagdzey
- qʼeyōr > ʔeyoyr > yoyr
A Damin
- Nasals: ɱ n̼ ɳ ɲ
- Plosives: d̼ ʈ c'
- Affricates: tθ ʡħ
- Fricatives: ð̼ θ̱ ç
- Clicks: ʞ
- Liquids: ʙ ʟ ʢ
- vowels: y ɤ æ
CW Minlang #1
/t k n a i ə/
Coffeebrew
ha-: declarative
ze-: interrogative
she-, le-, be-, mi-, ...
lakov: person
iktzaf: language
mutza: be
me-dosh: sea
shakfa - go
daldelet - bird
Haimuktzatzaf: I am a language.
Haimuktzatzafiya: I am not a language.
Halamukotzav: I am a person.
ha-147258693: 123 456's 789
Halakodalkofadeltov: The man likes the bird
ze-124375869: does 123 456 789?
Quame substrate
p pʰ b t tʰ d ts tsʰ dz k kʰ g q qʰ ɢ
f v s z h m n ŋ l ɬ r w y ʟ ʟ̥
a ā e ē i ī o ō u ū
rū = 1
loze = 2
dō = 3
mara = 4
bila = 5
dendza = 6
rūd = 7
lozed = 8
pazwa = 9
waru = 10
Blablabla
Brüschlingssträpfchenentzürmungsdreicherwildeleischenerbröpflichkeitsspülzergebraußerspeichelsmäudsgrefferklittenwertsbrimmendlicherungsschnäfternascherndräckelbassungsbärzenherdlichengerützelbeunungströtterbeteibertenspründerschlettengeschärtungsentdraufengeschiemlichkeitsneftertreuenhauscheraufstrüpfenanwadlungsstaufengrammlermeitscherluchseneinstrupfungsgeweidsschmesserdornenbekeifersträmpferentblüstungsgefrützerhaumenrießenschweiherbockerschaftsbedeuferungsbezandlungsgestürdenscheuchterdachsergeisterzerbrüttungsfrätterschoffergriedenteckenschwindsgemerzenheitsbrauftenscharnesspeizendentkremmensielesstrüstergezwohrenenvergräuferspeilenhuftschuckerverwaftungsschmagenentdränzerwinkenmeundenbielerglüftenverzäumlichkeitspfarnengortenspahlenentschrangenkrindenschufendriechengreierschnockenwiegerwungenschieberdähmenstuchtgejästnisgräbenspunkereienschneiligungsspürzenknafterschaumenbrußenbedreuernisjackerkeldungsheidenschmüsselnzudrenkenrumpferleigungsbehedigungsschweiterwackengesteckerbeizerwendungsfrüchlingszweibenseiderschangenhubergeidengemermlichkeitsgelechterschlammengogengettenberzlerfiegenlundenbädelnspanderquändelerbeichenstahrgebütenhenerbluhnenentzängerbreumenbefärzigergampfendreigenschaftszerbrenklungsgebrohungsschmindlergaftengaufsgekemmtenbräuzchenzerkreinerndenschleitenhaufsdröffernzerschwällenzwünderdreisungsenttrebenpflingergreuferschmaunenverrümmerkreibenquängerheitsschmatterverzwenkerungsflebereibenguftenjangereideldreibengangenbleizerbehürberschierdequammerhüngenbrössenbekleiterzwandengemiegerzeistigungsbegählnisberachtungsschwadenkrütteranklaumenschweicherleinerbröhnungsneidelnkufenschrankenziederdrabenschöhlerbruhnspeutscherentgäumungsvergürblichungsverweidnisglündergehuhmendreucherbeibengreusteszwerterschründereienbücklingserstorchenspienerhetschergohrenausschweislichkeitenlemdengetranderschrifferbeschlecherlingswingerkrantengedärzerzärncheneinfleuderhackerstälzenbriednisseigerungsverdraußerräuchselstommerfrätzelschlünterstürglingszwätcheneinblittsgespüßenentdried
Die Breige hüben friene Grauscher,
in siefe ausgepferzte dauscher;
Säder brinnt zer einem Wist,
Fagel hirzen leine drisst.
Beđehn' die dir in Ŧimst entfeißet,
gim itzo Feuche haben,
und Meden brassen was mich sŧeißet,
Đechse vorzuschraben.
Wenngleich das Werg in Krafe seucht,
mieŧ' ich wie Sprame gürfen;
Denn mich bekriest die weistlich' Dreucht,
die mich in Reune stürfen.
Mein Günden heigt im färz'gen Harbe;
was mich zur gracken Fasen funget.
Feisen Ŧickmasionen ŧarbe,
neifen sie herch hinbrunget.
Was Zühlen erkeifet, bacht heinaden Gnad';
Mein' Kründ'rung erbrauget und diro getrat.
Die Juchtlingen pfriechender Häumen zu henken,
Verschwilligereien, die itzund uns brenken.
Wir reftmunschig braußen,
mit zärbenden Faußen,
Ermeie uns, wenn unser' Berze dir schmannt!
Themsarian/de
- Der korrekte Titel dieses Artikels lautet "Themsarisch".
Die themsarische Sprache, auch bezeichnet als Edles Themsarisch, ist eine alte talsmische Sprache, die im Andaegṓr-Imperium gebräuchlich war.
PIE in Hebrew
This Hebrew abjadic script is based on the glottalic theory: "voiced" stops are written as Hebrew emphatic consonants, and "breathy voiced" stops are written as voiced stops. Also note that the "palatal" series of stops is transcribed with the Hebrew affricate series (thus showing a coincidental Satem bias).
Consonants | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labial | Coronal | Dorsal | Laryngeal | ||||
palatal | plain | labial | |||||
Nasal | מ *m | נ *n | |||||
Plosive | voiceless | פ *p | ת *t | ס *ḱ | כ *k | כ׳ *kʷ | |
voiced/ejective? | (פ׳ *b) | ט *d | צ *ǵ | ק *g | ק׳ *gʷ | ||
(breathy) voiced | ב *bʰ | ד *dʰ | ז *ǵʰ | ג *gʰ | ג׳ *gʷʰ | ||
Fricative | ש *s | א *Ø ה *h₁ ע *h₂ ע׳ *h₃ | |||||
Liquid | ר *r ל *l |
||||||
Semivowel | י *y | ו *w |
Ablaut grades | |
---|---|
אֶ *e | אָ *o |
אֵ *ē | אֹ *ō |
אְ *Ø |
Schleicher's fable
עָ֫וְיְש הֶ֫סְוׂשךֶ׳
h2ówis h1ék’wōskwe
עָ֫וְיְש, יֶ֫שְמְין עְוְלְעְנֶ֫ע נֶאֶ֫הֶשְת, טֶטָרְסֶ הֶ֫סְוָנְש, תָ֫ם, וָ֫זָם קֶ֫׳רְעְוְם וֶ֫זָנְתְם, תָ֫ם, בָ֫רָם מֶ֫צָעְם, תָ֫ם, דְזֶ֫מָנְם עָאְסְ֫ו בֶ֫רָנְתְם. עָ֫וְיְש הֶ֫סְוָבָש אֶוֶוְכֶ׳(ת): סֵרְט עְגְנְוְתָי מָי וְיְטְנְתֶ֫י דְזְמָ֫נְם הֶ֫סְוָנְש עֶ֫זצָנְתְם. הֶ֫סְוׂש הֶוֶוְך׳: סְלְוְדְי, עָוְי! סֵרְט עְגְנְוְתָי וְיְטְנְתְבָ֫ש: דְזֶ֫מֹ(ן), פָ֫תְיְס, עְוְלְנֶ֫עְם עָ֫וְיָם כְ׳נֶוְתְי שֶ֫בָי גִ֫׳רְמָם וֶ֫שְתְרָם; עֶ֫וְיְבָשךֶ׳ וְלְעְנֶ֫ע נֶ֫הֶסְתְי. תָ֫ט סֶסְלְוְוׂ֫ש עָ֫וְיְש עֶ֫צְרָם אֶבְוְקֶ(ת).
h2ówis, (H)jésmin h2wlh2néh2 ne éh1est, dedork’e (h1)ék’wons, tóm, wóg’hom gwérh2um wég’hontm, tóm, bhórom még’oh2m, tóm, dhg’hémonm h2oHk’ú bhérontm. h2ówis (h1)ék’wobhos ewewkwe(t): k’ḗrd h2ghnutoj moj widntéj dhg’hmónm (h1)ék’wons h2ég’ontm. (h1)ék’wōs ewewkw: k’ludhí, h2ówi! k’ḗrd h2ghnutoj widntbhós: dhg’hémō(n), pótis, h2wlnéh2m h2ówjom kwnewti sébhoj gwhérmom wéstrom; h2éwibhoskwe h2wlh2néh2 né h1esti. Tód k’ek’luwṓs h2ówis h2ég’rom ebhuge(t).
Semitic notes
u/i merge: Ge'ez; a/i merge: (kinda) Hebrew; a/u merge: (kinda) Socovíc as of 3/16/2015
North Semlang 2nd try
- still want conditional a/u merger and nasal Vs
- i-umlaut
- a, u > ø / _Ci
- ā > é / _Ci
- u > ø / _Ci
- ū > ý / _Ci
- aw > ǿ / _Ci
- ay > í / _Ci
- need to start from triptotic declension here:
PNSem
Case | Singular | Dual | Plural |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | yawmu | yawmā(mi) | yawmū(ma) |
Accusative | yawma | yawmay(mi) | yawmī(ma) |
Genitive | yawmi | yawmay(mi) | yawmī(ma) |
Early
Case | Singular | Dual | Plural |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | jóm | jómá(mi) | jómú(m) |
Accusative | jóm~jómi | jómé(mi) | jómí(m) |
Genitive | jómi | jómé(mi) | jómí(m) |
Judeo-Indo-Aryan
A modern Indo-Aryan language spoken by Jews in India.
- Use Babylonian Hebrew, not Tiberian Hebrew
- Differs more from Hindustani than Yiddish does from German
- Lot of additional palatalization
Atzòpic
Atzòpic | |
---|---|
hìzbut atzòpį | |
Pronunciation | [[Help:IPA|atsəˈpĩ]] |
Created by | – |
Zachydic
| |
Early form | Old Atzòpic
|
Neguąsitł Linguifeczix, acthìzbutètł dǫsix uicìx!
Motivated by Raxic C[+ejective]V > Atzòpic C[-ejective]V[+creaky] - Hence the ejectives disappear.
/ks/ > /xs/ > /ʃ/
Seven cases:
- nominative -Ø
- accusative -z
- genitive -c (animate sg.?)/-z (inanimate sg.?)/-u (animate pl.?)
- dative -tł
- locative-comitative -x
- ablative -ː~ (nasalized vowel)
- instrumental -ːl
Vowels change according to historical stress positions as well as historical ejective consonants. The Ractamic stress/vowel system start out similarly to Latin, but develop in very different directions.
Consonants | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labial | Coronal | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||||
central | lateral | plain | labialized | ||||||
Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | [ŋ] | ||||||
Plosive | tenuis | p /p/ | t /t/ | c /k/ | qu /kʷ/ | h /ʔ/ | |||
aspirated | b /pʰ/ | d /tʰ/ | g /kʰ/ | gu /kʷʰ/ | |||||
Fricative | f /f/ | z /s~z/ | ł /ɬ/ | x /ʃ/ | [ʰ~ɦ] | ||||
Affricate | tenuis | tz /ts/ | tł /tɬ/ | tx /tʃ/ | |||||
aspirated | dz /tsʰ/ | dł /tɬʰ/ | dx /tʃʰ/ | ||||||
Approximant | s /ɹ/ | l /l/ | y /j/ | u /w/ | |||||
Trill | r /r/ |
Diachronics lab
Pluractionality ≈ antipassive
we exc/inc > we formal/intimate
Demonstrative/definite affix > construct state: PL-clam-those [of the] man > PL-clam-CONST man
Classifiers are in construct state
this CL NOUN > the.GENDER NOUN
apposition NOUN-1SG NOUN > CL-1SG NOUN > of_i-1SG NOUN_i
PREP-3SG NOUN > CASE.SG-NOUN
CONJ VERB NOUN > PREP NOUN
evidential-marking "because" or "therefore", as opposed to the protasis verb
feminine > abstract > honorific