User:IlL/Spare pages 1/45
IlL/Spare pages 1/45 /wiːˈoʊbiən/ is an ancient language in the Tie-Dye family.
ẞahng = father
Nßäht = tree
Paŕer = stone
Ntŕahg = child
ßan, eir, buhz, jåhnß, ßeng, zkühnt, ntöü, nuot, ngiat, zråht [san, eir, ɓuːc, jɔːⁿs, ˈseŋ, ckyːⁿt, ⁿdøy, nuət, ŋiat, crɔːt]
wint = negative
dei = 'land' (< kataay?)
y-, r- > s?
ly, ny > j
rn, rt, rnt, rl > ń, z, ńz, ŕ
ʟ > g
tj, ntj > ß, nß
rr > r
q > q /ʔ/
nq > ng
ʀ > h
ntodåy Pnieńenk tur Boyenk.
Phonology
Orthography
Consonants
Wiobian uses the following 24 consonants:
Labial | Alveolar | Medial | Velar | Lab.vel. | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ń /ɲ/ | ng /ŋ/ | |||
Plosive | voiceless | p /p/ | t /t/ | z /c/ | k /k/ | qu /kʷ/ | |
prenasalized | mp /ᵐb/ | nt /ⁿd/ | ńz /ᶮɟ/ | nk /ᵑg/ | nqu /ᵑgʷ/ | ||
implosive | b /b/ | d /d/ | |||||
Fricative | plain | ß /s~z/ | s /ç~ʝ/ | g /x~ɣ/ | h /h/ | ||
prenasalized | nß /ⁿz/ | ||||||
Liquid | r /r/; l /l/ | ŕ /ɹ/ | |||||
Approximant | j /j/ | w /w/ |
- Notes
- Voiceless plosives are not aspirated.
- /ᵐb ⁿd ᶮɟ ᵑg/ devoice to [ᵐp ⁿt ᶮc ᵑk] word-finally.
- The fricatives ß s g are voiced intervocalically.
- Gemination is phonemic.
Vowels
Wiobian has short and long versions of the following monophthongs (except for /ə/ which only occurs in unstressed syllables). Long vowels are marked with a following h.
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i /i/ | ü /y/ | u /u/ |
Close-mid | e /e/ | ö /ø/ | o /o/ |
Mid | (e /ə/) | ||
Open-mid | ä /ɛ/ | å /ɔ/ | |
Open | a /a/ |
Diphthongs: ai au ei öü ou ia ie io iu üö uo
Prosody
Stress
Most of the time, the stress falls on the first syllable. Exceptions are verb prefixes and sesquisyllables.
Intonation
Phonotactics
The syllable structure is (C)(C)V(C)(C), where V can be a vowel or a diphthong.
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns
Nominative | Nßäht | |
---|---|---|
Genitive | Nßähter | |
Illative/Inessive | Nßähtel | |
Elative | Nßähtels | |
Allative/Adessive | Nßähten | |
Dative | Nßähtene | |
Ablative | Nßähtens | |
Instrumental/Comitative | Nßähtemp | |
Essive | Nßähtezz | |
Translative | Nßähtenk | |
Abessive | Nßähtmakk |
Plurals are formed with nto-, so: Ntonßäht (trees), Ntonßähter (of trees), ...
Pronouns
Pronouns | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | ||
1 | nkohz | tahs | |
2 | mei | wäll | |
3 | mpa (animate), mpi (inanimate) |
Verbs
Subject affixes
Subject affixes | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | ||
1 | nke- | te- | |
2 | ne- | le- | |
3 | - |
Derivational morphology
- be- = verbal prefix, borrowed from Wiebian