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Aeranir: Difference between revisions
→Forming the gerund
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The gerund in Aeranir is a infinite verb form which displays characteristics of both a noun and a verb. It declines for a limited scope of cases (although not for gender nor number), but can take object and adjunct arguments like a verb. It usually has an adverbial/adjectival meaning, and never agrees with the main verb. | The gerund in Aeranir is a infinite verb form which displays characteristics of both a noun and a verb. It declines for a limited scope of cases (although not for gender nor number), but can take object and adjunct arguments like a verb. It usually has an adverbial/adjectival meaning, and never agrees with the main verb. | ||
===== Forming the gerund ===== | ===== Forming the gerund ===== | ||
* Null-grade verbs: {{gcl|ROOT|root}}''-innū''; e.g. '' | * Null-grade verbs: {{gcl|ROOT|root}}''-innū''; e.g. ''taetihan'' ('to drink') → '''''taetinnū''''' ('whilst drinking'). | ||
* A-grade verbs: {{gcl|ROOT|root}}''-annū''; e.g. ''iuvāhan'' ('to write') → '''''iuvannū''''' ('whilst writing'). | * A-grade verbs: {{gcl|ROOT|root}}''-annū''; e.g. ''iuvāhan'' ('to write') → '''''iuvannū''''' ('whilst writing'). | ||
* I-grade verbs: {{gcl|ROOT|root}}''-iennū''; e.g. ''cītīhan'' ('to cut') → '''''cītiennū''''' ('whilst cutting'). | * I-grade verbs: {{gcl|ROOT|root}}''-iennū''; e.g. ''cītīhan'' ('to cut') → '''''cītiennū''''' ('whilst cutting'). | ||
* E-grade verbs: {{gcl|ROOT|root}}''-ennū''; e.g. ''aquēhan'' ('to be open') → '''''aquennū''''' ('whilst open'). | * E-grade verbs: {{gcl|ROOT|root}}''-ennū''; e.g. ''aquēhan'' ('to be open') → '''''aquennū''''' ('whilst open'). | ||
===== Uses of the gerund ===== | ===== Uses of the gerund ===== | ||
The meaning of the gerund changes depending on its case. The essive and locative can be used to indicate temporal action in relation to the main action of a sentence. The essive indicates simultaneous action, i.e. two actions that cooccur. This may be relayed in English via the conjunction 'whilst.' | The meaning of the gerund changes depending on its case. The essive and locative can be used to indicate temporal action in relation to the main action of a sentence. The essive indicates simultaneous action, i.e. two actions that cooccur. This may be relayed in English via the conjunction 'whilst.' | ||