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Aeranir: Difference between revisions
→Consonants
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====Notes on consonants==== | ====Notes on consonants==== | ||
*The sequence /ks/ is written in the romanisation as ''x''. | *The sequence /ks/ is written in the romanisation as ''x''. | ||
*The voiceless stops are aspirated alophonically in the onset of stressed syllables. | *The voiceless stops are aspirated alophonically in the onset of stressed syllables. | ||
*The nasal consonant /n/ assimilates to the place of articulation of the following stop, so that /nkʰ/ or /nqʷʰ/ for example become /ŋkʰ/ and /ɴʷqʷʰ/. Before fricatives, /n/ is deleted, and the proceeding vowel is lengthened and nasalised. These processes apply between word boundries as well. Word final /n/ as part of case and personal markers is elided before a word starting with a vowel, fricative, approximate, or before a [[w:Pausa|pausa] | *The nasal consonant /n/ assimilates to the place of articulation of the following stop, so that /nkʰ/ or /nqʷʰ/ for example become /ŋkʰ/ and /ɴʷqʷʰ/. Before fricatives, /n/ is deleted, and the proceeding vowel is lengthened and nasalised. These processes apply between word boundries as well. Word final /n/ as part of case and personal markers is elided before a word starting with a vowel, fricative, approximate, or before a [[w:Pausa|pausa]]. It often served as a [[w:Shibboleth|shibboleth]] for discerning one's origins or social circles. | ||
*The velar, labio-velar, and labio-uvular consonants /k/, /kʷ/, /q/, and /qʷ/ are palatalised before front vowels and /j/ to [k̟], [kᶣ], [k̠] and [k̠ᶣ] respectively. Futhermore, dental consonants /n/ and /t/ are palatalised before /j/ to [ɲ̟], and [tʲ]. The glottal fricative /h/ is also palatalised to [ç] before high front vowels and /j/. Some dialects also palatalise the postalveolar consonants /s/ and /ts/ to [ɕ] and [tɕ] before front vowels and /j/. | |||
*The velar, labio-velar, and labio-uvular consonants | *The labialised consonants /kʷ/, and /qʷ/ are pronounced as truly labialised, rather than a sequence of two consonants, i.e. /kw/, /qw/. The voiced labiovelar stop only occurs after a nasal consonant. | ||
*The labialised consonants | *All consonants, with the exception of /ʋ/, can be geminated between vowels. This is denoted orthographically by doubling of the first letter of the phoneme, i.e. ⟨cc⟩, ⟨ff⟩, ⟨hh⟩, etc. The palatal approximate /j/ is always geminated to [jː] between vowels, but is written with a simple ⟨i⟩. Fricative /hː/ is usually realised as [çː]. In dialects that palatalise /s/ and /ts/, [çː] often becomes [ɕː], merging in some environments with /sː/. | ||
*All consonants, with the exception of /ʋ/, can be geminated between vowels. This is denoted orthographically by doubling of the first letter of the phoneme, i.e. ⟨cc⟩, ⟨ff⟩, | |||
*The lateral approximate /l/ has two allophones in Classical Aeranir; [l] before close front vowels, /j/, and when geminated, and [ɫ] elsewhere. | *The lateral approximate /l/ has two allophones in Classical Aeranir; [l] before close front vowels, /j/, and when geminated, and [ɫ] elsewhere. | ||
*The | *The fricative /s/ is often pronounced further back in the mouth, closer to [s̠]. | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||