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Aeranir: Difference between revisions
→Agreement
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Aeranir verbs conjugate their endings to agree with the most oblique argument in a clause. That means the '''subject''' of an '''intransitive verb''' (e.g. '''''claut<u>itz</u>'''''; '<u>I</u> laugh'), the '''patient''' of a '''transitive verb''' (e.g. '''''auh<u>en</u>te'''''; 'I look at <u>you</u>'), or the '''recipient''' of a '''ditransitive verb''' (e.g. '''''tzav<u>ī</u>'r salvae'''''; 'you all gave <u>me</u> the books'). | Aeranir verbs conjugate their endings to agree with the most oblique argument in a clause. That means the '''subject''' of an '''intransitive verb''' (e.g. '''''claut<u>itz</u>'''''; '<u>I</u> laugh'), the '''patient''' of a '''transitive verb''' (e.g. '''''auh<u>en</u>te'''''; 'I look at <u>you</u>'), or the '''recipient''' of a '''ditransitive verb''' (e.g. '''''tzav<u>ī</u>'r salvae'''''; 'you all gave <u>me</u> the books'). | ||
{{interlinear | box=yes | | :{{interlinear | box=yes | ||
| mollī cōmus | |||
| leak-<u>3SG.E</u> <u>house</u>-NOM.SG | | leak-<u>3SG.E</u> <u>house</u>-NOM.SG | ||
|'The house is leaking'}} | |'The house is leaking'}} | ||
{{interlinear | box=yes | | :{{interlinear | box=yes | ||
| requis te coptin nuiun | |||
| return-<u>3SG.C</u><nowiki>=</nowiki>1SG <u>hat</u>-ACC.SG 2SG.POS.PRO-T.ACC.SG | | return-<u>3SG.C</u> <nowiki>=</nowiki>1SG <u>hat</u>-ACC.SG 2SG.POS.PRO-T.ACC.SG | ||
|'I'm giving back your hat'}} | |'I'm giving back your hat'}} | ||
{{interlinear | box=yes | :{{interlinear | box=yes | ||
| | | emptās ne mu sōlī neprī Sētīlī | ||
| send-POT.<u>3SG.T</u><nowiki>=</nowiki>2SG<nowiki>=</nowiki>INTERR clothing-ACC.PL new-IPFV.PTCP-T.ACC.SG <u> | | send-POT.<u>3SG.T</u> <nowiki>=</nowiki>2SG <nowiki>=</nowiki>INTERR clothing-ACC.PL new-IPFV.PTCP-T.ACC.SG <u>Setil</u>-DAT.SG | ||
|'Can you send | |'Can you send Setil the new clothes?'}} | ||
It should be noted that a verb in the [[w:Active voice|active voice]] must always have the maximum number of arguments according to its inherent transitivity. This means, for example, that one can never say 'John eats.' Because 'to eat' is transitive, there must be a patient, or direct object, e.g. 'John eats food.' However, there are a number of valancy dropping operations available in Aeranir to allow various arguments to be dropped, which are discussed in the section on [[w:Voice (grammar)|voice]]. | It should be noted that a verb in the [[w:Active voice|active voice]] must always have the maximum number of arguments according to its inherent transitivity. This means, for example, that one can never say 'John eats.' Because 'to eat' is transitive, there must be a patient, or direct object, e.g. 'John eats food.' However, there are a number of valancy dropping operations available in Aeranir to allow various arguments to be dropped, which are discussed in the section on [[w:Voice (grammar)|voice]]. | ||