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===Consonants===
===Consonants===
'''Ahāmatya''' has five major places of articulation and six manners of articulation. Furthermore, there exists a distinction between palatalized consonants and non-palatalized consonants, and in the context of labials, aspirated consonants and non-aspirated consonants. '''Ahāmatya''', then, has thirty-three consonants in total, seven of which exist as allophones (consonants in parentheses are allophones): '''p''', '''ph''', '''(b)''', '''(bh)''', '''w''', '''m''', '''mh''', '''f''', '''v''', '''vj''', '''t''', '''tj''', '''(d)''', '''(dj)''', '''r''', '''rj''', '''n''', '''nj''', '''s''', '''sj''', '''l''', '''lj''', '''y''', '''k''', '''kj''', '''(g)''', '''(gj)''', '''ŋ''', '''ŋj''', '''x''', '''(ɣ)''', '''h''', '''hj'''.
'''Ahāmatya''' has five major places of articulation and six manners of articulation. Furthermore, there exists a distinction between palatalized consonants and non-palatalized consonants, and in the context of labials, aspirated consonants and non-aspirated consonants. '''Ahāmatya''', then, has thirty-three consonants in total, seven of which exist as allophones (consonants in parentheses are allophones): '''p''', '''ph''', '''(b)''', '''(bh)''', '''w''', '''m''', '''mh''', '''f''', '''v''', '''vj''', '''t''', '''tj''', '''(d)''', '''(dj)''', '''r''', '''rj''', '''n''', '''nj''', '''s''', '''sj''', '''l''', '''lj''', '''y''', '''k''', '''kj''', '''(g)''', '''(gj)''', '''ŋ''', '''ŋj''', '''x''', '''(ɣ)''', '''h''', '''hj'''.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! !! Labial !! Alveolar !! Palatal !! Velar !! Glottal
|-
| Labial || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Labial || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Labial || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Labial || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Labial || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Labial || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|}


These consonants have the following values:
These consonants have the following values:
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* '''vj''' = [v<sup>j</sup>]
* '''vj''' = [v<sup>j</sup>]


'''Coronal'''
'''Alveolar'''
* '''t''' = [t]
* '''t''' = [t]
* '''tj''' = [t<sup>j</sup>]
* '''tj''' = [t<sup>j</sup>]
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===Prosody===
===Prosody and Stress===
====Stress====
There are as many syllables in an '''Ahāmatya''' word as there are separate vowels and diphthongs. Additionally, a cliticized '''[m, n, v, l, s]''' may carry its own syllable weight.
====Intonation====
 
Stress is predictable, and manifests as primary and secondary stress. Secondary stress is placed upon the first syllable of a word, provided that that syllable is not a prefix, clitic, a reduplicated element, or augment. In that case, the secondary stress finds where the first syllable of the word is that is not one of those items, i.e., the root, and then provides the stress at that location. Primary stress falls upon the penultimate syllable.
 
Syllable structure generally follows two explicit rules, which themselves are detailed on various levels.
 
'''1. A consonant before a vowel, or a consonant cluster at the beginning of a word, forms the syllable onset.'''
* A singular consonant forms the onset of the syllable.
    '''tjelle''' [ˈt<sup>j</sup>ɛl.lɛ] CVC.CV "sky"
    '''tala''' [ˈta.la] CV.CV "high"
    '''ive''' [ˈi.vɛ] V.CV "bird"
* A consonant cluster of arbitrary length (maximum four) at the beginning of a word forms the onset of the syllable.
    '''vrjāmatya''' [vr<sup>j</sup>a:ˈmat.ja] CCVV.CVC.CV "original, natural"
    '''mrja''' [ˈmr<sup>j</sup>a] CCV "spirit"
* A word affixed with an arbitrary number of prefixes retains its syllabic structure independent of those syllables appended to it, and the affix retains its own syllabic structure.
    '''atamrjamma''' [a.taˈmr<sup>j</sup>am.ma] V.CV.CCVC.CV "in the company of a (dear) spirit"
    '''epprja''' [ɛpˈpr<sup>j</sup>a] VC.CCV "in front of a cat"
    '''phelarya''' [p<sup>h</sup>ɛlˈar.ja] CVC.VC.CV "beside the friend"
* Word initial clusters formed via the cliticization of '''[m, n, v, l, s]''' may either meld into that consonant cluster, forming the coda of the word initial syllable, or may carry syllabic weight themselves.
    '''v-mrja''' [ˈvmr<sup>j</sup>a] CCCV "in the spirit"
    '''v-mrja''' [vˈmr<sup>j</sup>a] C.CCV "in the spirit"
    '''s-vlja''' [ˈsvl<sup>j</sup>a] CCCV "as the wolf"
    '''s-vlja''' [sˈvl<sup>j</sup>a] C.CCV "as the wolf"
 
'''2. Consonant clusters tend to be broken word internally.'''
* Lengthened consonants are always separated, with the first consonant joined with the preceding vowel forming the coda of that syllable, and the second consonant joined to the following vowel, forming the onset of that syllable.
    '''tjelle''' [ˈt<sup>j</sup>ɛl.lɛ] CVC.CV "sky"
    '''anna''' [ˈan.na] VC.CV "beneficial"
    '''Essatta''' [ˌɛsˈsat.ta] VC.CVC.CV "from Essa"
* Word internal clusters are regularly separated, and the first consonant of the combination is joined with the preceding vowel, forming the coda of that syllable.
    '''mandrya''' [ˈman.dr<sup>j</sup>a] CVC.CCV "power"
* Cluster onsets in syllables of the form CrV, CrjV, ClV, CljV are considered a single unit, and are not separated, and are thus exempt from the above rule.
    '''atamrjamma''' [a.taˈmr<sup>j</sup>am.ma] V.CV.CCVC.CV "in the company of a (dear) spirit"
    '''epprja''' [ɛpˈpr<sup>j</sup>a] VC.CCV "in front of a cat"
    '''yavendra''' [ˌjaˈvɛn.dra] VC.CCV "and of vowels"
 
Finally, of note, is that there exist two diphthongs that, if they were to exist in a non-stressed syllable, they will then collapse into a short vowel. Which diphthong collapses into which vowel is shown here:
 
* '''ei''' → '''i'''
 
* '''ai''' → '''e'''


===Phonotactics===
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
===Morphophonology===
==Morphology==
==Morphology==
<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. -->
<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. -->
===Nouns===
'''Ahāmatya''' nouns can be declined into eight cases and three numbers, yielding twenty-four forms.
====Class====
====Number====
Number in '''Ahāmatya''' nouns is represented in a redundant fashion. The noun root may be a singular stem, a comprehensive plural stem, or a partitive plural stem. These are appended to by either the singular or the plural case marker. The singular case marker suffixes to the singular stem, while the plural case marker suffixes to either the comprehensive plural stem or the partitive plural stem.
The singular is the unmarked form of the noun, and accepts singular case marking.
* '''ive-''' "bird"
* '''mana-''' "land"
* '''vrunnu-''' "robin"
The comprehensive plural is marked by '''-i''', and accepts plural case marking. If the stem ends in a diphthong which would collapse into a vowel in non-stressed syllables, then it does. The comprehensive plural has an intrinsic meaning of "all of that about which I am speaking in this context".
* '''ivei-''' → '''ivi-''' "birds"
* '''manai-''' → '''mane-''' "lands"
* '''vrunnui-''' "robins"
The partitive plural is marked by '''-u''', and accepts plural case marking. The partitive plural has an intrinsic meaning of "some or a few of that about which I am speaking in this context".
* '''iveu-''' "some birds"
* '''manau-''' "some lands"
* '''vrunnuu-''' → '''vrunnū-''' "some robins"
====Case====
===== Nominative Case =====
The nominative case indicates the subject of a verb, and in '''Ahāmatya''' is used for the following:
* the subject of a verb
* the predicate
* the object of most prepositions
===== Accusative<sub>1</sub> Case =====
===== Accusative<sub>2</sub> Case =====
===== Dative Case =====
===== Genitive Case =====
===== Ablative Case =====
===== Allative Case =====
===== Locative Case =====


<!-- Here are some example subcategories:
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Nouns
===Nouns===
Adjectives
Adjectives
Verbs
Verbs
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