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Alvinian: Difference between revisions
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==Verbs== | ==Verbs== | ||
===Subject Clitics=== | ====Subject Clitics==== | ||
Alvinian doesn't have any agreement morphology realised on the verb, that's why it developed a second serie of subject pronouns, which are clitic elements derived from full personal pronouns. These elements function only as markers of the agreement with the subject, and they are obligatorily realised in a sentence with a verb. | Alvinian doesn't have any agreement morphology realised on the verb, that's why it developed a second serie of subject pronouns, which are clitic elements derived from full personal pronouns. These elements function only as markers of the agreement with the subject, and they are obligatorily realised in a sentence with a verb. | ||
Subject Clitics are normally proclitic in declarative sentences (they come before the verb) and enclitic in interrogative sentences (they follow the verb). | Subject Clitics are normally proclitic in declarative sentences (they come before the verb) and enclitic in interrogative sentences (they follow the verb). | ||
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===Tenses=== | |||
Alvinian '''Present''' tense covers more or less the functions of English Present Simple and Present Continuous. Verbal morphology is very limited. Verbs in the present tense consist of a single form (the root) which is combined with Subject Clitics in order to give rise to the full conjugation. | |||
Alvinian '''Aorist''' covers more or less the functions of English Past Simple and Past Perfect. The form consists of the root of the verb with the addition of an ''-s'' morpheme at the end of it, and it has to be combined with Subject Clitics in order to give rise to the conjugation. | |||
The meaning of Alvinian '''Imperfect''' is that of a continuous or repeated action taking place in the past. The form consists of the root of the verb with the addition of a ''-k'' morpheme at the end of it, and it has to be combined with Subject Clitics in order to give rise to the conjugation. | |||
Alvinian '''Future''' tense covers all the meanings of actions taking place in the future. The form consists of the root of the verb with the addition of a ''-bo'' morpheme at the end of it, and it has to be combined with Subject Clitics in order to give rise to the conjugation. | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 500px; " | |||
!Verb "že" (to be) | |||
!Present | |||
!Aorist | |||
!Imperfect | |||
!Future | |||
|- | |||
!1S | |||
|Me že | |||
|Me žes | |||
|Me žek | |||
|Me žebo | |||
|- | |||
!2S | |||
|Te že | |||
|Te žes | |||
|Te žek | |||
|Te žebo | |||
|- | |||
!3Sm | |||
|El že | |||
|El žes | |||
|El žek | |||
|El žebo | |||
|- | |||
!3Sf | |||
|La že | |||
|La žes | |||
|La žek | |||
|La žebo | |||
|- | |||
!3Sn | |||
|Lo že | |||
|Lo žes | |||
|Lo žek | |||
|Lo žebo | |||
|- | |||
!1D | |||
|Na že | |||
|Na žes | |||
|Na žek | |||
|Na žebo | |||
|- | |||
!2D | |||
|Va že | |||
|Va žes | |||
|Va žek | |||
|Va žebo | |||
|- | |||
!3D | |||
|La že | |||
|La žes | |||
|La žek | |||
|La žebo | |||
|- | |||
!1P | |||
|Ne že | |||
|Ne žes | |||
|Ne žek | |||
|Ne žebo | |||
|- | |||
!2P | |||
|Ve že | |||
|Ve žes | |||
|Ve žek | |||
|Ve žebo | |||
|- | |||
!3Pm | |||
|Li že | |||
|Li žes | |||
|Li žek | |||
|Li žebo | |||
|- | |||
!3Pf | |||
|Le že | |||
|Le žes | |||
|Le žek | |||
|Le žebo | |||
|- | |||
!3Pn | |||
|Lą že | |||
|Lą žes | |||
|Lą žek | |||
|Lą žebo | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
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