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'''Thumaca''' ('' | '''Thumaca''' (''tumacca'' /tʰumaka/) is a minority Talmic language descended from [[Tigol]], inspired by Welsh, Korean and Romani. It is notable for its relatively conservative verb system. | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
* | *cc g c ŋ /k g kʰ ŋ/ | ||
*tt d t n /t d tʰ n/ | *tt d t n /t d tʰ n/ | ||
* | *çç j ç /ts dz tsʰ/ | ||
*pp b p m /p b pʰ m/ | *pp b p m /p b pʰ m/ | ||
*ff f ss s (s̉) (s̃) h /f v~fʰ s z~sʰ ʂ ɕ h/ | *ff f ss s (s̉) (s̃) h /f v~fʰ s z~sʰ ʂ ɕ h/ | ||
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Nouns only have two states (absolute and construct) and two numbers (singular and plural). The usual affixes are: | Nouns only have two states (absolute and construct) and two numbers (singular and plural). The usual affixes are: | ||
*plural absolute: ''-(e)r'' | *plural absolute: ''-(e)r'' | ||
*singular construct: ''-(e) | *singular construct: ''-(e)t'' | ||
*plural construct: ''-(e) | *plural construct: ''-(e)p'' | ||
e.g. '' | e.g. ''ccưter'' 'flower', ''ccưtrer'' 'flowers'; ''ccưffna'' 'woman', ''ccưffnar'' 'women'. | ||
===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
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*'to tell': imperfective ''bongi'', perfective ''simngi'' | *'to tell': imperfective ''bongi'', perfective ''simngi'' | ||
*'to eat': imperfective '' | *'to eat': imperfective ''ccay'', perfective ''ingccư'' | ||
The old subject/TAM suffixes have been lost and tense is marked by prefixes. | The old subject/TAM suffixes have been lost and tense is marked by prefixes. | ||
[[Category:Tricin]] | [[Category:Tricin]] | ||