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Dry Icelandic uses the following consonants: | Dry Icelandic uses the following consonants: | ||
*The velar stops ''g'', ''k'', ''ŋ'', which are pronounced /k, kʰ, ŋ/. When geminated they are pronounced / | *The velar stops ''g'', ''k'', ''ŋ'', which are pronounced /k, kʰ, ŋ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔkʰ, hk, kŋ/ respectively. | ||
*The dental stops ''d'', ''t'', ''n'', which are pronounced /t, tʰ, n/. When geminated they are pronounced / | *The dental stops ''d'', ''t'', ''n'', which are pronounced /t, tʰ, n/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔtʰ, ht, tn/ respectively. | ||
*The lateral affricates ''dλ'', ''ξ'', which are pronounced /tɬ, tɬʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced / | *The lateral affricates ''dλ'', ''ξ'', which are pronounced /tɬ, tɬʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔtɬʰ, htɬ/ respectively. | ||
*The alveolar affricates ''dz'', ''c'', which are pronounced /ts, tsʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced / | *The alveolar affricates ''dz'', ''c'', which are pronounced /ts, tsʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔtsʰ, hts/ respectively. | ||
*The fricatives ''h'', ''σ'', ''s'', which are pronounced /x, ɬ, s/ respectively. | *The fricatives ''h'', ''σ'', ''s'', which are pronounced /x, ɬ, s/ respectively. | ||
*The labials ''b'', ''p'', ''m'', which are pronounced /p, pʰ, m/. When geminated they are pronounced / | *The labials ''b'', ''p'', ''m'', which are pronounced /p, pʰ, m/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔpʰ, hp, pm/ respectively. | ||
*The resonants ''l'', ''r'', ''v'', ''j'' pronounced /l, r, v, j/. When geminated they are pronounced /tl, tr, kv, c/ respectively. | *The resonants ''l'', ''r'', ''v'', ''j'' pronounced /l, r, v, j/. When geminated they are pronounced /tl, tr, kv, c/ respectively. | ||
The majority of consonants come in expected plain and palatalized pairs. Exceptions are noted here: | The majority of consonants come in expected plain and palatalized pairs. Exceptions are noted here: | ||
*Hard ''dž'', ''č'' are pronounced /q, qʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced / | *Hard ''dž'', ''č'' are pronounced /q, qʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔqʰ, hq/ respectively. | ||
*Soft ''dž'', ''č'' are pronounced /tʂ, tʂʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced / | *Soft ''dž'', ''č'' are pronounced /tʂ, tʂʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔtʂʰ, htʂ/ respectively. | ||
*Hard ''þ'', ''ð'', ''š'' are pronounced /h, ɣ, χ/ respectively. | *Hard ''þ'', ''ð'', ''š'' are pronounced /h, ɣ, χ/ respectively. | ||
*Soft ''þ'', ''ð'', ''š'' are pronounced /ɕ, ʑ, ʂ/ respectively. | *Soft ''þ'', ''ð'', ''š'' are pronounced /ɕ, ʑ, ʂ/ respectively. | ||