Aoli: Difference between revisions

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|'''a''' /æ/ || '''aa, ā''' /a/
|'''a''' /æ/ || '''aa, ā''' /a/
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|}
=Morphology=
==Nouns==
[[Haoli/Nouns|Haoli Nouns]] decline for case, gender, and number.
===Gender===
Gender in Haoli pertains to how the plural is formed as well as how it is declined. Haoli articles do have gender agreement with the  constituent noun. Haoli has three genders: neuter, feminine, and masculine.
===Plurals===
Haoli plurals are formed by suffixes or ablaut.
===Pronouns===
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
!colspan="4"|Pronouns
|-
!Person !! Neuter !! Feminine !! Masculine
|-
!First Person
|iani || iane || iana
|-
!Second Person
|kasi || kase || kasa
|-
!Third Person
|edi || ede || eda
|}
===Declension===
====Basic Cases====
* Nominative
*Accusative
*Dative
*Malefactive
*Adverbial
*Vocative
*Contrastive
*Genitive
====Oblique Cases====
*Translative
*Exessive
*Essive
*Instrumental
*Prolative
====Locative Cases====
''Internal''
*Innesive
*Hyperessive
*Illative
*Hyperlative
*Elative
*Hyper-elative
*Supraperlative
*Hyperlative
*Perlative
''Traversal''
*Lative
*Superlative
*Prosecutive
*Terminative
''Exodal''
*Ablative
*Antessive
*Delative
*Eblative
''Relational''
*Superessive
*Supraessive
*Comitative
*Pertingent
*Apudessive
*Enclosive
*Forbative
*Locative
*Bative
*Transversive
*Circumfrentive
*Situative
*Abessive
*Intrative
*Subessive
====Temporal Cases====
*Temporal
*Temporal-lative
*Temporal-hyper-transversive
*Temporal-terminative
*Temporal-hyperbative
==Articles==
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
!colspan="4"|Articles
|-
!Gender !! Article !! Singular !! Plural
|-
!rowspan="2"|Neuter || Definite
| von || vono
|-
!Indefinite
| lhon || lhono
|-
!rowspan="2"|Feminine || Definite
| ven || vene
|-
!Indefinite
| lhen || lhene
|-
!rowspan="2"|Masculine || Definite
| van || vana
|-
!Indefinite
| lhun || lhunu
|}
==Verbs==
[[Haoli/Verbs|Haoli Verbs]] conjugate for tense and mood.
===Negation===
Haoli uses the circumposition ''ro '''''VERB''''' an''.
Example:<br>
The flower is not black.<br>
'''''Ro''' eiþi '''an''' asti veti.''
===Tense===
*Present
*Imperfect
*Future
*Pluperfect
===Mood===
*Indicative
*Interrogative
*Subjunctive
*Conditional
*Imperative
*Jussive
*Opative
*Quotative
==Pre-Affixal Clitic Conjunctions==
*''aja'' – or
*''isjo'' - so
*''je'' – and
*''jia'' – for
*''jue'' – but
*''laja'' – nor
*''ajsi'' – than
*''nho'' - that
*''mho'' - yet
Examples:<br>
He listened and pondered.<br>
''Kroai je'ajatoe kasa.''<br><br>

Revision as of 15:38, 2 June 2018

Phonology

Consonants

Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Post Alveolar Palatal Velar
Plosive voiceless pp /p/ tt /t/ kk /k/
voiced p, mh /b/ t, d /d/ k, g, nh /g/
Nasal m /m/ n, nh /n/ nj, ni /ɲ/
Trill r, rh /r/
Fricative Normal voiceless f /f/ þ /θ/ s /s/ c, lh /ʃ/
voiced v /v/ ð /ð/ gh /ɣ/
Lengthened voiceless ff /fː/ ss /sː/
voiced vv /vː/
Approximant j /j/
Lateral Approximant l /l/

Vowels

Monophthongs Diphthongs
i /ɪ/
ii, ī /i/
e /ə/ ee, ē, ei, ae /e͡ɪ/
u /ə/ uu, ū, eu /u/
o /ə/ oo, ō /ɔ/
a /æ/ aa, ā /a/

Morphology

Nouns

Haoli Nouns decline for case, gender, and number.

Gender

Gender in Haoli pertains to how the plural is formed as well as how it is declined. Haoli articles do have gender agreement with the constituent noun. Haoli has three genders: neuter, feminine, and masculine.

Plurals

Haoli plurals are formed by suffixes or ablaut.

Pronouns

Pronouns
Person Neuter Feminine Masculine
First Person iani iane iana
Second Person kasi kase kasa
Third Person edi ede eda

Declension

Basic Cases

  • Nominative
  • Accusative
  • Dative
  • Malefactive
  • Adverbial
  • Vocative
  • Contrastive
  • Genitive

Oblique Cases

  • Translative
  • Exessive
  • Essive
  • Instrumental
  • Prolative

Locative Cases

Internal

  • Innesive
  • Hyperessive
  • Illative
  • Hyperlative
  • Elative
  • Hyper-elative
  • Supraperlative
  • Hyperlative
  • Perlative

Traversal

  • Lative
  • Superlative
  • Prosecutive
  • Terminative

Exodal

  • Ablative
  • Antessive
  • Delative
  • Eblative

Relational

  • Superessive
  • Supraessive
  • Comitative
  • Pertingent
  • Apudessive
  • Enclosive
  • Forbative
  • Locative
  • Bative
  • Transversive
  • Circumfrentive
  • Situative
  • Abessive
  • Intrative
  • Subessive

Temporal Cases

  • Temporal
  • Temporal-lative
  • Temporal-hyper-transversive
  • Temporal-terminative
  • Temporal-hyperbative

Articles

Articles
Gender Article Singular Plural
Neuter Definite von vono
Indefinite lhon lhono
Feminine Definite ven vene
Indefinite lhen lhene
Masculine Definite van vana
Indefinite lhun lhunu

Verbs

Haoli Verbs conjugate for tense and mood.

Negation

Haoli uses the circumposition ro VERB an.

Example:
The flower is not black.
Ro eiþi an asti veti.

Tense

  • Present
  • Imperfect
  • Future
  • Pluperfect

Mood

  • Indicative
  • Interrogative
  • Subjunctive
  • Conditional
  • Imperative
  • Jussive
  • Opative
  • Quotative

Pre-Affixal Clitic Conjunctions

  • aja – or
  • isjo - so
  • je – and
  • jia – for
  • jue – but
  • laja – nor
  • ajsi – than
  • nho - that
  • mho - yet

Examples:
He listened and pondered.
Kroai je'ajatoe kasa.

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