Aoli

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Phonology

Consonants

Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Post Alveolar Palatal Velar
Plosive voiceless p /p/ t /t/ k /k/
voiced b /b/ d /d/ g /g/
Nasal m /m/ n /n/ nj, ni /ɲ/
Trill r /r/
Fricative Normal voiceless f /f/ þ /θ/ s /s/ c /ʃ/
voiced v /v/ ð /ð/ gh /ɣ/
Lengthened voiceless ff /fː/ ss /sː/
voiced vv /vː/
Approximant j /j/
Lateral Approximant l /l/

Vowels

Monophthongs Diphthongs
i /ɪ/ oi /ɔ͡ɪ/
ii, ī /i/ ai /a͡ɪ/
e /ə/ ee, ē, ei, ae /e͡ɪ/
u /ə/ uu, ū, eu /u/
o /ə/ oo, ō /ɔ/
a /æ/ aa, ā /a/
ao /ɒ/

Morphology

Nouns

Aoli Nouns decline for case, gender, and number.

Gender

Gender in Aoli pertains to how the plural is formed as well as how it is declined. Aoli articles do have gender agreement with the constituent noun. Aoli has two genders: feminine and masculine. The neuter gender from Haoli was absorbed into the feminine.

Plurals

Aoli plurals are formed by suffixes or ablaut.

Pronouns

Pronouns
Person Feminine Masculine
First Person jan jana
Second Person gas gasa
Third Person ed eda

Declension

Basic Cases

  • Nominative
  • Accusative
  • Dative
  • Malefactive
  • Adverbial
  • Vocative
  • Contrastive
  • Genitive

Oblique Cases

  • Translative
  • Exessive
  • Essive
  • Instrumental
  • Prolative

Locative Cases

Internal

  • Innesive
  • Hyperessive
  • Illative
  • Hyperlative
  • Elative
  • Hyper-elative
  • Supraperlative
  • Hyperlative
  • Perlative

Traversal

  • Lative
  • Superlative
  • Prosecutive
  • Terminative

Exodal

  • Ablative
  • Antessive
  • Delative
  • Eblative

Relational

  • Superessive
  • Supraessive
  • Comitative
  • Pertingent
  • Apudessive
  • Enclosive
  • Forbative
  • Locative
  • Bative
  • Transversive
  • Circumfrentive
  • Situative
  • Abessive
  • Intrative
  • Subessive

Temporal Cases

  • Temporal
  • Temporal-lative
  • Temporal-hyper-transversive
  • Temporal-terminative
  • Temporal-hyperbative

Articles

Articles
Gender Article Singular Plural
Feminine Definite ven
Indefinite cen
Masculine Definite van vana
Indefinite cun

Verbs

Aoli Verbs conjugate for tense and mood.

Negation

Aoli uses the circumfix ro VERB an. The /o/ is dropped if the verb begins with a vowel. This construction comes from the negation circumposition in Haoli.

Example:
The flower is not black.
Reiþan ast vet.

Tense

  • Present
  • Imperfect
  • Future
  • Pluperfect

Mood

  • Indicative
  • Interrogative
  • Subjunctive
  • Conditional
  • Imperative
  • Jussive
  • Opative
  • Quotative

Pre-Affixal Clitic Conjunctions

  • aja – or
  • isi - so
  • i – and
  • ja – for
  • – but
  • laja – nor
  • ajs – than
  • no - that
  • bo - yet

Examples:
He listened and pondered.
Grai i'ajatō gasa.