Ash: Difference between revisions

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Ash (view source)

Revision as of 15:35, 15 April 2021

675 bytes added ,  15 April 2021
m
frequentative -> intensive, FREQ -> INTS
(Glosses simplified)
m (frequentative -> intensive, FREQ -> INTS)
(14 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 208: Line 208:
! Inchoative
! Inchoative
! Terminative
! Terminative
! Intensive
|-
|-
! Realis
! Realis
| {{ash|'''oa'''}}
| {{ash|'''oa'''}}
{{IPA|[ˈɔ̯͡ɑː]}}
| {{ash|oahda}}
| {{ash|oahda}}
{{IPA|[ˈɔ̯͡ɑħ.t̠ə]}}
| {{ash|oadna}}
| {{ash|oadna}}
{{IPA|[ˈɔ̯͡ɑʔ.ᵈn̠ə]}}
| {{ash|oasda}}
| {{ash|oasda}}
{{IPA|[ˈɔ̯͡ɑs̺.t̺ə]}}
| {{ash|oadsa}}
{{IPA|[ˈɔ̯͡ɑʔ.t̺͡s̺ə]}}
|-
|-
! Irrealis
! Irrealis
| {{ash|oae}}
| {{ash|oae}}
| {{ash|oadse}}
{{IPA|[ˈwʌ͡ɪ̯ː]}}
| {{ash|''oadse''}}
{{IPA|[ˈɔ̯͡ɑʔ.ȶ͡ɕɪ]}}
| {{ash|oadne}}
| {{ash|oadne}}
{{IPA|[ˈɔ̯͡ɑʔ.ᶡɲɪ]}}
| {{ash|oasde}}
| {{ash|oasde}}
{{IPA|[ˈɔ̯͡ɑɕ.ȶ͡ɕɪ]}}
| {{ash|''oadse''}}
{{IPA|[ˈɔ̯͡ɑʔ.ȶ͡ɕɪ]}}
|}
|}


Line 226: Line 239:
====Derived verbs====
====Derived verbs====


Derivational suffixes can be used to extend the root and create a new set of stems, such as the causative {{ash|-y-}} or the frequentative {{ash|-(d)s-}}, which can themselves, depending on the word, be stative or active (all derived verbs are inherently one or the other or both and do not display the allomorphy of basic verbs). These are some of the words derived from {{ash|oo}} "consume":
Derivational suffixes can be used to extend the root and create a new set of stems, such as the causative {{ash|-y-}} or the intensive {{ash|-(d)s-}}, which can themselves, depending on the word, be stative or active (all derived verbs are inherently one or the other or both and do not display the allomorphy of basic verbs). These are some of the words derived from {{ash|oo}} "consume":


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Basic
! Basic
! Causative
! Causative
! Frequentative
! Intensive
|-
|-
| {{ash|'''oo'''}}
| {{ash|'''oo'''}}
Line 397: Line 410:


{{gloss
{{gloss
|phrase={{ash|ẽbmo͠o bo ảo ẻhbadsas yo}}
|phrase={{ash|ẽbmo͠o mo ảo ẻhbadsas yo}}
|gloss=PROX-POSS-head=CLF.TOP Ao PROX-DIR-hand.FREQ.RLS-CONJ=DECL
|gloss=PROX-POSS-head=CLF.TOP Ao PROX-DIR-hand.INTS.RLS-CONJ=DECL
|translation=Ao is braiding my hair
|translation=Ao is braiding my hair
}}
}}
Line 461: Line 474:


|{{gloss
|{{gloss
|phrase={{ash|oadnah ảo ga ảyısa͠a ma}}
|phrase={{ash|ảo ga oadnah ảyısa͠a ma}}
|gloss=shine.INCH.RLS-DUR ao=CLF.TOP REFL.DIST-LOC:LIQ.STAT/ACT.RLS=NEG
|gloss=ao=CLF.TOP shine.INCH.RLS-DUR REFL.DIST-LOC:LIQ.STAT/ACT.RLS=NEG
|translation=Ao doesn't wash in the morning
|translation=Ao doesn't wash in the morning
}}
}}
Line 473: Line 486:


|{{gloss
|{{gloss
|phrase={{ash|ẽbmo͠o bo ảhbadsas yo}}
|phrase={{ash|ẽbmo͠o mo ẻhbadsas yo}}
|gloss=PROX-INAL-head=CLF.TOP PROX-DIR-hand.FREQ.RLS-CONJ=DECL
|gloss=PROX-INAL-head=CLF.TOP PROX-DIR-hand.INTS.RLS-CONJ=DECL
|translation=you are braiding my hair
|translation=you are braiding my hair
}}
}}


|{{gloss
|{{gloss
|phrase={{ash|ẽbmo͠o bo ẻwıbadsas yo}}
|phrase={{ash|ẽbmo͠o mo ẻwıbadsas yo}}
|gloss=PROX-INAL-head=CLF.TOP PROX PROX-REFL.PROX-hand.FREQ.RLS-CONJ=DECL
|gloss=PROX-INAL-head=CLF.TOP PROX PROX-REFL.PROX-hand.INTS.RLS-CONJ=DECL
|translation=I am braiding my hair
|translation=I am braiding my hair
}}
}}
Line 520: Line 533:
|-
|-
! Inanimate
! Inanimate
| {{ash|sa͠a da ảhhea yo}}<br />"water is watched"
| {{ash|sa͠a sa ảhhea yo}}<br />"water is watched"
| {{ash|*sa͠a da ảssea yo}}<br />(ungrammatical)
| {{ash|*sa͠a sa ảssea yo}}<br />(ungrammatical)
|}
|}


Line 539: Line 552:
! Inanimate
! Inanimate
| {{ash|ảo ga <u>sa͠a</u> ỏhyoo e}}<br />"Ao was drinking water"
| {{ash|ảo ga <u>sa͠a</u> ỏhyoo e}}<br />"Ao was drinking water"
| {{ash|<u>sa͠a da</u> ảo ỏhyoo e}}<br />"it was water Ao was drinking"
| {{ash|<u>sa͠a sa</u> ảo ỏhyoo e}}<br />"it was water Ao was drinking"
|}
|}


Line 556: Line 569:
{{gloss
{{gloss
|phrase={{ash|osya bahba go ẻsseaŋas no}}
|phrase={{ash|osya bahba go ẻsseaŋas no}}
|light-SEMB gloss=dog=CLF.TOP shine.STAT.RLS PROX-INV-see.INCH.RLS-CONJ=Q
|gloss=light-SEMB gloss=dog=CLF.TOP shine.STAT.RLS PROX-INV-see.INCH.RLS-CONJ=Q
|translation=have you seen the white dog?
|translation=have you seen the white dog?
}}
}}
Line 666: Line 679:


|{{gloss
|{{gloss
|phrase={{ash|ĩbmo͠o bo}}
|phrase={{ash|ĩbmo͠o mo}}
|gloss=POSS-head=CLF.TOP
|gloss=POSS-head=CLF.TOP
|translation=hair (on the head)
|translation=hair (on the head)
Line 672: Line 685:


|{{gloss
|{{gloss
|phrase={{ash|ĩbmo͠o da}}
|phrase={{ash|ĩbmo͠o na}}
|gloss=POSS-head=CLF.TOP
|gloss=POSS-head=CLF.TOP
|translation=head (on the body)
|translation=head (on the body)
Line 682: Line 695:


{{gloss
{{gloss
|phrase={{ash|ẽbmo͠o bo ảo ẻhbadsas}}
|phrase={{ash|ẽbmo͠o mo ảo ẻhbadsas yo}}
|gloss=PROX-INAL-head=CLF.TOP ao PROX-DIR-hand.FREQ.RLS-CONJ
|gloss=PROX-INAL-head=CLF.TOP ao PROX-DIR-hand.INTS.RLS-CONJ=DECL
|translation=Ao is braiding my hair
|translation=Ao is braiding my hair
}}
}}
Line 719: Line 732:
===Possession===
===Possession===


Unstressed locative verbs marked with the locative converbialiser {{ash|-s}} serve to mark the possessor of a possessum.
The fossilised set of nouns that can take the possessive prefix {{ash|n-}} can follow directly after a classified possessor.
 
{|
 
|{{gloss
|phrase={{ash|ảo ga ndoo ya}}
|gloss=ao=CLF-LOC POSS-foot=CLF.TOP
|translation=Ao's foot
}}
 
|{{gloss
|phrase={{ash|ảo gã bmo͠o na}}
|gloss=ao=CLF-LOC POSS-head=CLF.TOP
|translation=Ao's head
}}
 
|}
 
Otherwise the locative converbialiser {{ash|-s}} serves to mark the possessor of a possessum.


{{gloss
{{gloss
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|{{gloss
|{{gloss
|phrase={{ash|ẻhhodses}}
|phrase={{ash|ẻhhodses}}
|gloss=PROX-DIR-consume.FREQ.ACT.IRR-CONJ
|gloss=PROX-DIR-consume.INTS.ACT.IRR-CONJ
|translation=I want/need to eat; I am hungry
|translation=I want/need to eat; I am hungry
}}
}}
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|{{gloss
|{{gloss
|phrase={{ash|ẻhhodses no}}
|phrase={{ash|ẻhhodses no}}
|gloss=PROX-DIR-consume.FREQ.ACT.IRR-CONJ=Q
|gloss=PROX-DIR-consume.INTS.ACT.IRR-CONJ=Q
|translation=perhaps I should eat something
|translation=perhaps I should eat something
}}
}}
Line 749: Line 780:
|{{gloss
|{{gloss
|phrase={{ash|bahba go ẻhhodse no}}
|phrase={{ash|bahba go ẻhhodse no}}
|gloss=dog=CLF.TOP PROX-DIR-consume.FREQ.ACT.IRR=Q
|gloss=dog=CLF.TOP PROX-DIR-consume.INTS.ACT.IRR=Q
|translation=maybe the dog is hungry
|translation=maybe the dog is hungry
}}
}}
Prinsessa
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