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Aterran Imperial: Difference between revisions
→Verbs
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====TAM Marking==== | ====TAM Marking==== | ||
Imperial verbs do not inflect, so indications of tense, aspect, mood, mode, evidentiality, voice, and other verbal features are indicated almost exclusively with particles. | |||
====Tense==== | ====Tense==== | ||
The past tense is formed using the auxiliary verb '''''[[Contionary: hati#Modern Standard Imperial|hati]]'''''. E.g.: | |||
* He '''sees''' that tree. ''[[Contionary: shva#Modern Standard Imperial|Shva]] [[Contionary: thule#Modern Standard Imperial|thule]] [[Contionary: ku#Modern Standard Imperial|ku]] '''[[Contionary: veta#Modern Standard Imperial|veta]]'''.'' | |||
:: → He '''saw''' that tree. ''[[Contionary: shva#Modern Standard Imperial|Shva]] [[Contionary: thule#Modern Standard Imperial|thule]] [[Contionary: ku#Modern Standard Imperial|ku]] '''[[Contionary: hati#Modern Standard Imperial|hati]] [[Contionary: veta#Modern Standard Imperial|veta]]'''.'' | |||
The future is formed using the auxiliary '''''[[Contionary: ati#Modern Standard Imperial|ati]]''''', which follows the verb, or may be suffixed to the verb in some circumstances. E.g.: | |||
* He '''sees''' that tree. ''[[Contionary: shva#Modern Standard Imperial|Shva]] [[Contionary: thule#Modern Standard Imperial|thule]] [[Contionary: ku#Modern Standard Imperial|ku]] '''[[Contionary: veta#Modern Standard Imperial|veta]]'''.'' | |||
:: → He '''will see''' that tree. ''[[Contionary: shva#Modern Standard Imperial|Shva]] [[Contionary: thule#Modern Standard Imperial|thule]] [[Contionary: ku#Modern Standard Imperial|ku]] '''[[Contionary: veta#Modern Standard Imperial|vet]]’[[Contionary: ati#Modern Standard Imperial|ati]]'''.'' | |||
====Irregularity & Suppletion==== | ====Irregularity & Suppletion==== | ||
Many common verbs show suppletion in one or more forms: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! Present | |||
! Negative | |||
! Past | |||
! Negative Past | |||
! Future | |||
! Negative Future | |||
|- | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: ei#Modern Standard Imperial|ei]]''''' ‘to be’ | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: ruk#Modern Standard Imperial|ruk]]''''' | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: gan#Modern Standard Imperial|gan]]([[Contionary: ei#Modern Standard Imperial|ei]])''''' | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: rugan#Modern Standard Imperial|rugan]]([[Contionary: ei#Modern Standard Imperial|ei]])''''' | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: lezh#Modern Standard Imperial|lezh]]''''' | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: ruklezh#Modern Standard Imperial|ruklezh]]''''' | |||
|- | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: hati#Modern Standard Imperial|hati]]''''' ‘to finish’ | |||
| [[Contionary: dlhu#Modern Standard Imperial|dlhu]] [[Contionary: hati#Modern Standard Imperial|hati]] | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: hehati#Modern Standard Imperial|hehati]]''''' | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: dlhu#Modern Standard Imperial|dlhu]] [[Contionary: hehati#Modern Standard Imperial|hehati]]''''' | |||
| [[Contionary: hati#Modern Standard Imperial|hat]]’[[Contionary: ati#Modern Standard Imperial|ati]] | |||
| [[Contionary: dlhu#Modern Standard Imperial|dlhu]] [[Contionary: hehati#Modern Standard Imperial|hehati]] | |||
|- | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: ati#Modern Standard Imperial|ati]]''''' ‘to go’ | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: ruk#Modern Standard Imperial|ruk]] [[Contionary: ati#Modern Standard Imperial|ati]]''''' | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: ganati#Modern Standard Imperial|ganati]]''''' | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: ruk#Modern Standard Imperial|ruk]] [[Contionary: ganati#Modern Standard Imperial|ganati]]''''' | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: meti#Modern Standard Imperial|meti]]''''' | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: ruk#Modern Standard Imperial|ruk]] [[Contionary: meti#Modern Standard Imperial|meti]]''''' | |||
|- | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: dehi#Modern Standard Imperial|dehi]]''''' ‘to do’ | |||
| [[Contionary: dlhu#Modern Standard Imperial|dlhu]] [[Contionary: dehi#Modern Standard Imperial|dehi]] | |||
| [[Contionary: hati#Modern Standard Imperial|hati]] [[Contionary: dehi#Modern Standard Imperial|dehi]] | |||
| [[Contionary: dlhu#Modern Standard Imperial|dlhu]] [[Contionary: hati#Modern Standard Imperial|hati]] [[Contionary: dehi#Modern Standard Imperial|dehi]] | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: dedehi#Modern Standard Imperial|dedehi]]''''' | |||
| [[Contionary: dlhu#Modern Standard Imperial|dlhu]] '''''[[Contionary: dedehi#Modern Standard Imperial|dedehi]]''''' | |||
|- | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: satha#Modern Standard Imperial|satha]]''''' ‘to give’ | |||
| [[Contionary: dlhu#Modern Standard Imperial|dlhu]] [[Contionary: satha#Modern Standard Imperial|satha]] | |||
| [[Contionary: hati#Modern Standard Imperial|hati]] [[Contionary: satha#Modern Standard Imperial|satha]] | |||
| [[Contionary: dlhu#Modern Standard Imperial|dlhu]] [[Contionary: hati#Modern Standard Imperial|hati]] [[Contionary: satha#Modern Standard Imperial|satha]] | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: sasathi#Modern Standard Imperial|sasathi]]''''' | |||
| [[Contionary: dlhu#Modern Standard Imperial|dlhu]] '''''[[Contionary: sasathi#Modern Standard Imperial|sasathi]]''''' | |||
|- | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: thuri#Modern Standard Imperial|thuri]]''''' ‘to come’ | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: ruk#Modern Standard Imperial|ruk]] [[Contionary: thuri#Modern Standard Imperial|thuri]]''''' | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: gan#Modern Standard Imperial|gan]] [[Contionary: thuri#Modern Standard Imperial|thuri]]''''' | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: ruk#Modern Standard Imperial|ruk]] [[Contionary: gan#Modern Standard Imperial|gan]] [[Contionary: thuri#Modern Standard Imperial|thuri]]''''' | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: thuri#Modern Standard Imperial|thur]]’[[Contionary: ati#Modern Standard Imperial|ati]]''''' | |||
| '''''[[Contionary: ruk#Modern Standard Imperial|ruk]] [[Contionary: thuri#Modern Standard Imperial|thur]]’[[Contionary: ati#Modern Standard Imperial|ati]]''''' | |||
|} | |||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||