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Bis Burunko: Difference between revisions
→Secondary Verbs
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====Converbs==== | |||
Converbs are non-finite verb forms that occur in conjunction with a main verb to denote a dependent clause. | |||
* The '''imperfect''' suffix ''-la'' denotes an action ongoing at the time of the main verb e.g. ''yommyolla nize fuke ipushi'' 'I saw you while walking', | |||
* The '''perfect''' suffix ''-o'' denotes an action completed before the main verb, e.g. ''yommyozo nize fuke ipushi'' 'I saw you after walking', ''lipuo ipush bis'' "go and see!" | |||
* The '''prefaratory''' suffix ''-xipu'' denotes an action begun after the main verb, e.g. ''yommyoshipa nize fuke ipushi'' 'I saw you before walking', | |||
* The '''conditional''' suffix ''-ba'' denotes a condition on which the main verb depends, e.g. ''nize fuke ipuipa nize | |||
* The '''concessive''' suffix ''-are'' means 'although, even though', e.g. ''yommyozare nize fuke ipushi 'although walking, I saw you' | |||
====Secondary Verbs==== | ====Secondary Verbs==== | ||
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* The '''iterative/frequentative''' suffixes ''-iko'' (after a vowel) or ''-ko'' (after a consonant), which denotes frequent or repeated action, or an action seemingly composed of multiple smaller instances of an action, often where the result is quiet or of limited intensity e.g. ''ekaiko'' 'study' < ''KASH'' 'learn', ''edanko'' 'sip' < ''DANG'' 'drink', ''ebaiko'' 'babble, chatter' (softly, as of a baby) < ''BA'' 'speak', ''yedeiko'' 'nibble' < ''EDE'' 'bite'. | * The '''iterative/frequentative''' suffixes ''-iko'' (after a vowel) or ''-ko'' (after a consonant), which denotes frequent or repeated action, or an action seemingly composed of multiple smaller instances of an action, often where the result is quiet or of limited intensity e.g. ''ekaiko'' 'study' < ''KASH'' 'learn', ''edanko'' 'sip' < ''DANG'' 'drink', ''ebaiko'' 'babble, chatter' (softly, as of a baby) < ''BA'' 'speak', ''yedeiko'' 'nibble' < ''EDE'' 'bite'. | ||
A '''reduplicated''' root may also be used to create a frequentative, but always with an intensive and often a pejorative sense, e.g. ''edandan'' 'gulp, quaff' < ''DANG'', ''yedede'' 'to chomp' < ''EDE'', ''ebaba'' 'yammer, gossip, yak' < ''BA''. | A '''reduplicated''' root may also be used to create a frequentative, but always with an intensive and often a pejorative sense, e.g. ''edandan'' 'gulp, quaff' < ''DANG'', ''yedede'' 'to chomp' < ''EDE'', ''ebaba'' 'yammer, gossip, yak' < ''BA''. | ||
====Compound Verbs==== | ====Compound Verbs==== | ||