Carpathian historical development: Difference between revisions

Carpathian historical development (view source)

Revision as of 12:33, 5 February 2023

1 byte removed , 5 February 2023

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 Other satem sound changes are the unconditional delabialisation of labiovelar consonants (*Kʷ > K) and the ruki sound law (*{r,u,k,i}s > {r,u,k,i}š),
- according to which the dental sibilant ''*s'' became retroflex ''*š'' after ''*r, *u, *k or *i''. In Eastern Carpathian this new ''š'' reverted back to ''s'' before plosive consonants (in some southern dialects before all consonants), but was retained in other positions, being the only source of the retroflex sibilant in these dialects. In Western Carpathian, on the other hand, ''*ś'' and ''š'' merged with very few exceptions, such as ''tor̃sā'' “bristle” corresponding to Eastern ''tar̃šā'' “crumb”.
+according to which the dental sibilant ''*s'' became retroflex ''*š'' after ''*r, *u, *k or *i''. In Eastern Carpathian this new ''š'' reverted back to ''s'' before plosive consonants (in some southern dialects before all consonants), but was retained in other positions, being the only source of the retroflex sibilant in these dialects. In Western Carpathian, on the other hand, ''*ś'' and ''š'' merged with very few exceptions, such as ''tor̃sā'' “bristle” corresponding to Eastern ''tar̃šā'' “crumb”.
 The final consonants, except for *n and *s were lost. Final ''*m'' changed to ''n''. Final resonants were preserved by addition of a new ending: PIE ''*péh₂wr̥'' “wheat” > ''*púhr-an'' > Car. ''pūrha'' “bromegrass”. Final plosives were dropped: PIE ''*tod'' > Car. ''ta'' “it”.