91
edits
Da: Difference between revisions
m
→Locative / Instrumentalis / Essive
m (→Accusative) |
|||
| Line 113: | Line 113: | ||
Locative / Instrumentalis nouns receive the ending ''-i''. | Locative / Instrumentalis nouns receive the ending ''-i''. | ||
When used as Locative, it indicates place or time: ''sue'' (in water), ''punseolani'' (in a forest), '' | When used as Locative, it indicates place or time: ''sue'' (in water), ''punseolani'' (in a forest), ''kokmihani'' (on an airplane), ''sorsunotei'' (yesterday), ''xortei'' (soon; lit. "in a short time"). Usually locative does not denote possession; e.g. compare ''Ku du áthata taoruolanu ká'' (Give me this book, i.e. for me to have) vs. ''Ku tita duti taoruolanu kai'' (Bring this book to me, i.e. to my place). | ||
If the location needs to be specified more precisely, e.g. "'''on''' the desk" vs. "'''under''' the desk", or "'''near''' the house" vs. "'''in''' the house", Cha uses a position indicator + Genitive to express that: ''dei taoruo'' (on the desk, lit. "on top of the desk"), ''deri taoruo'' (under the desk), ''neri huo'' (outside the house), ''nertenki huo'' (around the house), ''nei huo'' (in / inside the house), ''hui'' (at the house, home). As you can see, all these constructions follow the pattern "at" (expressed as Locative) "position" (e.g. top, under, outside etc.) "of" (expressed as Genitive) original word. The position indicators are grammatically nouns, although they are usually translated into English as prepositions. | If the location needs to be specified more precisely, e.g. "'''on''' the desk" vs. "'''under''' the desk", or "'''near''' the house" vs. "'''in''' the house", Cha uses a position indicator + Genitive to express that: ''dei taoruo'' (on the desk, lit. "on top of the desk"), ''deri taoruo'' (under the desk), ''neri huo'' (outside the house), ''nertenki huo'' (around the house), ''nei huo'' (in / inside the house), ''hui'' (at the house, home). As you can see, all these constructions follow the pattern "at" (expressed as Locative) "position" (e.g. top, under, outside etc.) "of" (expressed as Genitive) original word. The position indicators are grammatically nouns, although they are usually translated into English as prepositions. | ||