Dilba: Difference between revisions
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|altname = iktiil Dilba | |altname = iktiil Dilba | ||
|pronunciation = [ʔɛhˈtɛil dɛlˈvä] | |pronunciation = [ʔɛhˈtɛil dɛlˈvä] | ||
|script = | |script = Hieroglyphs, Latin | ||
|familycolor = black | |familycolor = black | ||
|fam1 = Lamuellan | |fam1 = Lamuellan | ||
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== Grammar == | == Grammar == | ||
Most Dilba words, referred to as ''root words'', are obtained from consonantal roots by inserting vowels, adding affixes and mutating the root consonants. In the following, these three morphological operations shall be discussed separately. | Most Dilba words, referred to as ''root words'', are obtained from consonantal roots by inserting vowels, adding affixes and mutating the root consonants. In the following, these three morphological operations shall be discussed separately. | ||
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The proper name '''iktiil Dilba''' is an older form of ''iktilih Dilba'' and is translated literally 'Dilba at my tongue' (translation as attribute). | The proper name '''iktiil Dilba''' is an older form of ''iktilih Dilba'' and is translated literally 'Dilba at my tongue' (translation as attribute). | ||
=== Consonant Mutation === | |||
There is a group of consonants, so-called root consonants, that have two mutation grades. In Dilba hieroglyphs, these mutations have not been distinguished but sometimes the consonants which are allowed to be mutated are marked. When it is necessary to label mutated consonants in this article, this will be done by subscript numbers: ''t<sub>1</sub>'' and ''t<sub>2</sub>'' are the possible mutations of the unmutated ''t<sub>0<sub>''. That a consonant is allowed to be mutated, will be announced by a subsript hash: t<sub>#<sub>. | |||
By now, we can understand the informations included in the lexical form of a root word: The consonant root, the vocalic positions and the consonants which are allowed to be mutated. For example, the complete lexical form of 'bird' is ''k<sub><small>#</small></sub>_z_k<sub><small>#</small></sub>''. Note that the vocalic positions are important properties of a root word as there is in general no relation between roots that differ only in vocalic positions. E.g. the word ''_k<sub><small>#</small></sub>z_k<sub><small>#</small></sub>'' means 'mountain' and is not related to 'bird' at all. | |||